水产养殖系统中CH4排放规律研究

论文总字数：20779字

目 录

摘要 3

ABSTRACT 4

1.引言 5

1.1研究背景 5

1.2湿地CH₄的产生、氧化和运输 5

1.3影响CH₄排放的因素 6

1.4 研究意义 6

2.材料和方法 7

2.1试验设计 7

2.2温室气体CH₄的采集与测定 7

2.3辅助指标测定 7

2.4统计分析 8

3.结果 8

3.1混养鱼塘和蟹塘CH₄排放量 8

3.2 CH₄对环境因子的响应 12

3.3混养鱼塘和蟹塘单位收入的净温室效应 16

4.讨论 16

4.1混养鱼塘和蟹塘CH₄的排放规律 16

4.2不同水产养殖系统之间CH₄排放的研究对比 16

4.3环境因子对CH₄排放的影响 17

4.4水生植物对CH₄排放的影响 18

5.结论 18

参考文献 19

致谢 22

图 表 目 录

图1 大气平均气温和降雨量 9

图2 混养鱼塘和蟹塘CH₄排放通量的季节变化 10

图3 混养鱼塘和蟹塘CH₄累积排放通量 11

图4 混养鱼塘和蟹塘CH₄通量与水体溶解氧（DO）之间的关系 13

图5 混养鱼塘和蟹塘CH₄通量与沉积物温度（T）之间的关系 14

图6 混养鱼塘和蟹塘CH₄通量与沉积物有机碳（DOC）之间的关系 15

图7 混养鱼塘和蟹塘单位收入净温室效应 16

表1 不同类型水产养殖系统CH₄排放速率比较 17

两种典型水产养殖系统中CH₄排放规律研究

冯蓉

, China

ABSTRACT: Aquaculture ponds are important contributors to greenhouse gas flux methane (CH₄) ,Taihu lake region is one of the area with extensive aquaculture in China, while few direct flux measurements are available. This study investigated the magnitude of CH₄ flux and the influencing factors from mixed fish and crab aquaculture ponds during March, 2016 and March, 2017 in the Taihu Lake. CH₄ flux was primarily pronounced during the waterlogging stages. The variations in CH₄ flux was significant related to sediment temperature (T), sediment dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and water dissolved oxygen concentration (DO). The annual CH₄ emission was 64.4 kg·C·hm^-2 and 51.6 kg·C·hm^-2 and 3.32 kg·N·hm^-2 from the mixed fish aquaculture pond and the crab aquaculture pond, respectively. Significant differences in CH₄ flux between the mixed fish and crab aquaculture ponds were observed during the year (Plt;0.05). The CH₄ fluxes from the crab aquaculture pond were significantly affected by the aquatic vegetation. Compared to the treatment without aquatic, the annual CH₄ emission increased by 14.0% for the treatment with aquatic. Relative to the mixed fish aquaculture pond, the net economic benefit scaled global warming potential (NEB-scaled GWP-CH₄) significantly increased 80% from the crab aquaculture pond. Our results suggest that mixed fish and crab aquaculture ponds are important contributors to regional CH₄ emission into the atmosphere. Furthermore, we also suggest that the aquaculture pond type should be considered when evaluating regional GHG budgets.

Key words: Methane; Mixed fish aquaculture pond; Crab aquaculture pond; NEB-scaled GWP-CH₄

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