灌浆期高温对陵两优268体内可溶性糖含量及产量的影响

 2022-01-20 12:01

论文总字数:12842字

目 录

中文摘要………………………………………………………… 2

Abstract ………………………………………………………… 3

引 言……………………………………………………………… 4

1 材料和方法 …………………………………………………… 4

1.1研究区概况 ……………………………………………………………………… 4

1.2试验材料和设计…………………………………………………………………… 4

1.3测定项目…………………………………………………………………………… 4

1.4数据处理…………………………………………………………………………… 5

2 结果与分析 …………………………………………………… 5

2.1可溶性糖的含量…………………………………………………………………… 5

2.2生物量……………………………………………………………………………… 7

2.3产量及产量构成要素……………………………………………………………… 8

3 讨 论…………………………………………………………… 9

4 结 论…………………………………………………………… 12

4.1高温胁迫对陵两优268可溶性糖含量的影响…………………………………… 12

4.2高温胁迫对陵两优268地上部生物量的影响…………………………………… 12

4.3高温胁迫对陵两优268产量及产量构成要素的影响…………………………… 12

参考文献……………………………………………………………12

致 谢 ………………………………………………………………14

灌浆期高温对陵两优268体内可溶性糖含量及产量的影响

郝宇杭

,China

Abstract:To investigate the effect of high temperature treatment on rice soluble sugar content and yield during grain- filling stage, Lingliangyou 268 was selected to conduct high temperature simulation in an artificial climate chamber ,and two temperature levels were set to study high temperature treatment on soluble sugar content, biomass, yield and yield compositions in Lingliangyou 268 during grain- filling period.The results showed that, high temperature stress reduced soluble sugar content in stems and ears of Lingliangyou 268. They were bigger with the elevation of temperature and the extension of time. On the contrary, it was no change for the content of soluble sugar in leaves. In addition, high temperature stress also reduced rice biomass, yield and yield compositions including panicles, grains per spike, 1000-grain weight, seed setting rate .But the number of empty grain rate gradually increased. With the increase of temperature and the extension of stress time, the decrease (elevation) was gradually bigger.

Key words: Lingliangyou 268;Grain-Filling stage;High temperature stress;Soluble sugar;Yield

水稻是我国尤其是长江流域最主要的粮食作物之一,自二十世纪七十年代以来,中国的水稻种植面积已达到世界水稻种植面积的20%左右,水稻产量更是达到世界水稻产量的30%左右,因此,水稻的产量的安全不仅对国家粮食的安全,更是对世界粮食安全保障至关重要[1],但水稻产量及品质等性状易受环境条件的影响[2],尤其是灌浆结实期的温度,对水稻产量与品质的影响较为明显[3]。近年来,我国多地区均有水稻受热害而导致大批减产的报道,尤以江苏、安徽、浙江、湖北等江淮地区最为严重[4-6],关于高温危害对水稻影响的研究得到广泛重视。高温热害一般是指水稻孕穗、抽穗开花和灌浆期内,气温超过水稻正常生育温度上限,导致空秕率上升而使水稻减产甚至绝收的自然灾害[7,8]

随着全球工业化的加快,温室气体大量排放,温室效应将会越来越凸显。农业是受气候影响最敏感的一个行业[9,10],而水稻高温热害一直是我国长江中下游地区作物生产中的一个突出问题[8]。本实验以陵两优268为研究对象,利用人工气候箱模拟高温环境在水稻灌浆期时进行高温处理,旨在探讨高温对水稻的生化指标及产量的影响,以期为当地相关部门制定科学合理的对策来防御水稻高温危害提供理论依据。

1 材料和方法

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