论文总字数：27233字

摘 要

随着西部大开发的推进，在政策扶持下贵州大力完善交通基础设施的同时发展旅游业，旅游业对贵州经济的支撑作用越来越明显，而交通基础设施不仅是发展旅游业的基础性行业，也是不断推进旅游业发展必不可少的动力元素，所以交通基础设施对于旅游业发展是具有重要作用的。本文主要探讨交通基础设施对旅游业的影响。

本文首先定性分析交通基础设施在旅游业发展中的重要作用。积极作用有以下三点：交通是旅游资源开发的基础；交通是游客目的地选择的首要考虑条件；交通基础设施是旅游质量的主要评价指标。而消极作用则有以下三点：可达性的不同造成不同区域旅游业发展失衡；旅游设施和服务跟不上交通基础设施的发展；旅游资源保护面临巨大压力^[2]。

其次，介绍贵州的交通基础设施和旅游现状，并和全国交通基础设施和旅游业数据进行对比分析下得到贵州交通基础设施发展落后于旅游业的结论。

1. 采用定量分析方法验证定性分析，本文选取了贵州省2000-2016年的来自国内与国际的旅游收入以及公路、铁路、航空和水运等相关反映交通基础设施发展状况的指标数据，通过相关性分析搭建模型进行数据分析，得出交通基础设施发展与旅游业发展存在强相关性。再以国内旅游人次、入境旅游人次、国内旅游收入和国际旅游外汇收入为被解释变量，以铁路营业里程、公路里程和内航河道营业里程为解释变量构建回归模型，得到铁路和公路对于旅游业是具有显著正相关关系的结论。
2. 分析贵州交通基础设施建设中存在的问题。其一是旅游航运发展不足；其二是交通基础设施建设布局不平衡；其三是交通基础设施质量和管理水平差。
3. 根据实证分析结果和上述存在的问题，根据贵州旅游业的现状和未来发展提出解决对策。即加大对交通基础设施建设的投入；优化交通基础设施内部结构；加强交通基础设施管理和服务水平，从而解决旅游发展过程中的交通问题。

根据最新“十三五”规划，继续把旅游业作为支柱性产业发展，将其与“扶贫”结合，并围绕“十三五”山地旅游发展的重点领域和关键环节推进。希望贵州能走出一条与众不同的旅游发展新路。

关键词：交通基础设施，旅游业，相关性分析

Abstract

With the advancement of the western development, with the support of policies, Guizhou will improve the transportation infrastructure while developing tourism. The supporting role of tourism in Guizhou’s economy will become more and more obvious, and transportation infrastructure will have a basis for the development of tourism. Sexual and leading industries are indispensable prerequisites for the constant promotion of tourism development. Therefore, transport infrastructure constitutes an important part of tourism productivity and plays an important role in tourism. This article focuses on the impact of transportation infrastructure on tourism.

This article first qualitatively analyzes the important role of transportation infrastructure in tourism development. There are three positive roles: traffic is the basis for the development of tourism resources; transportation is the primary consideration for the selection of destinations for tourists; and transportation is the main evaluation index for tourism quality. The negative effects are mainly manifested in: the different accessibility causes the imbalance of tourism development in different regions; tourism facilities and services can not keep up with the development of transportation infrastructure; tourism resources protection is facing huge challenges. In general, the improvement of transport infrastructure benefits the disadvantages of tourism development.

Second, analyze the status quo of Guizhou’s transportation infrastructure and tourism. And Comparing with the national transportation infrastructure and tourism data, the conclusion is that the development of Guizhou’s transportation infrastructure lags behind tourism.

Thirdly, using quantitative analysis methods to verify qualitative analysis, this paper selected indicators data from the domestic and international tourism revenues and development status of traffic infrastructure related to roads, railways, aviation, and water transport from 2000 to 2016 in Guizhou Province. Sexual analysis builds a model for data analysis and concludes that there is a strong correlation between the development of transportation infrastructure and tourism development.The explanation is again based on the number of domestic tourist visits, inbound tourist visits, domestic tourism income, and foreign exchange earnings from international tourism. The regression model is constructed using railway operating mileage, road mileage, and operating mileage of inland waterways as an explanatory variable to obtain railways and highways for tourism. It is a conclusion with a significant positive correlation.

Fourth, analyze the problems existing in the construction of transportation infrastructure in Guizhou. One is insufficient development of tourism shipping; the second is the unbalanced layout of transportation infrastructure; and the third is the poor quality and management of transportation infrastructure.

Fifth, based on the empirical analysis results and the above-mentioned problems, we propose solutions to the future development of tourism in Guizhou. That is, continue to increase investment in transportation infrastructure, optimize the internal structure of the existing transportation infrastructure, and strengthen the management of transportation infrastructure and service levels, so as to solve the traffic problems in the process of tourism development.

According to the latest “Thirteenth Five-Year Plan”, tourism will continue to be taken as a pillar industry development, combined with “pro-poor support”, and will be promoted around key areas and key links in the development of mountain tourism during the “13th Five-Year Plan” period. It is hoped that Guizhou will be able to develop a new road for tourism development.

KEY WORDS: Transport infrastructure, Tourism, Correlation analysis

目录

摘要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 研究背景 1

1.2 研究意义 1

1.3 研究内容与方法 2

1.4 研究路线 2

第二章 文献综述与相关性分析 3

2.1 文献综述 3

2.1.1 交通基础设施对旅游业的影响相关理论 3

2.1.2 国外交通与旅游发展相关研究论述 3

2.1.3 国内交通与旅游发展相关研究论述 3

2.2 交通基础设施与旅游业的相关性分析 4

2.2.1 交通对旅游发展的正相关分析 4

2.2.2 交通对旅游发展的负相关分析 6

第三章 贵州旅游业和交通基础设施发展现状 8

3.1 贵州省旅游发展现状 8

3.2 贵州省交通基础设施发展现状 9

3.3 贵州省与全国旅游业比较 11

第四章 贵州旅游业发展与交通基础设施关联性分析 12

4.1 研究指标的选取 12

4.2 全国交通基础设施与旅游业相关性分析 12

4.3 贵州交通基础设施与旅游业相关性分析 14

4.4 对比分析 16

4.5 贵州交通基础设施对旅游业的影响 16

第五章 贵州旅游业发展与交通基础设施建设存在的问题及建议 18

5.1 贵州旅游业发展与交通基础设施建设存在的问题 18

5.2 贵州旅游业发展与交通基础设施建设建议 19

第六章 结论与展望 21

6.1 结论 21

6.2 不足与展望 21

6.2.1 不足 21

6.2.2 展望 21

致谢 23

参考文献 24

绪论

研究背景

由于地理位置的因素，贵州的交通基础设施发展缓慢，一直相对落后，始终制约着旅游业的发展，所以贵州的旅游业在20世纪80年代才起步。1980～1990年旅游总收入为1.7亿元，可见当时的贵州旅游业发展速度缓慢。2000～2016年旅游发展总体是呈现上升的趋势，虽然因2003年、2008年发生“非典”和全球金融危机等突发特殊情况导致旅游业短暂低迷。2016年贵州全年接待游客数为53089.83万人次，与上期相比增长率为41.29%。可见，贵州旅游一直在迅速发展，并逐渐成为了贵州经济的支柱产业。

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