“一带一路”对我国钢铁行业对外贸易的影响研究

 2022-06-28 11:06

论文总字数:23355字

摘 要

自2013年构思以来,“一带一路”理念受到国际社会的广泛关注。这是中国经济进入新常态后的重要动力和机遇。这一战略的实施对中国和有关国家的经济,文化和政治影响具有深远影响。加强区域合作和贸易往来是“一带一路”倡议的重要组成部分。因此,中国贸易经济特别是对外贸易的潜力巨大。“一带一路”理念的发展不仅改善了中国整体经济形势,而且对中国钢铁行业也产生了重大影响。近年来,中国钢铁行业处于低迷期,许多企业面临破产。主要原因在于产能过剩问题,“一带一路”倡议的提出为这一问题的解决创造了重大机遇。在“一带一路”沿线国家中,很多新兴和发展中国家的基础设施建设尚不完善,急需大量的钢铁建设;也有部分发达国家,虽然其他行业相对而言位列世界前列,但在钢铁行业却由于种种因素的影响导致并不具备优势。如果中国能够加强与这些国家之间的合作与交流,以及在中国钢铁产品出口方面加以完善,就可以抓住机遇,尽快消化中国钢铁产业的剩余产能。

本文分别进行了理论和实证研究,探究“一带一路”倡议的提出对中国钢铁对外贸易的影响。理论文章阐述了中国钢铁工业发展的现状和“一带一路”的概念,结合古典理论和文献,分析了中国钢铁工业融入“一带一路”理念的必要性。实证文章分析了近年来中国钢铁产品出口统计的贸易数据和投资机会以及一些国家在“一带一路”分析中的发展战略。分析发现,中国的钢铁产品确实大量出口到了“一带一路”范围的国家,而非“一带一路”国家及其发展战略为中国钢材出口作出的贡献及所占其进口的比例较少。经过理论和实证研究,本文最后给出了一些建议。我们希望借助“一带一路”的理念,加强钢材出口,解决中国钢铁行业产能过剩问题。

关键词:一带一路;钢铁行业;产能过剩;对外贸易

Abstract

"Belt and Road Initiative" concept put forward since 2013, has been widespread concern in the international community, it is China's economic development has entered a new normal pattern, an important impetus and opportunities to promote China's economic development. The implementation of the strategy has far-reaching implications for China, as well as its economic, cultural and political implications. To strengthen regional cooperation and trade is the key construction The Belt and Road concept in the content, so the trade of China economy, especially the potential impact of foreign trade is huge. The development of The Belt and Road concept not only improve the overall economic situation in our country, but also has a significant impact on China's iron and steel industry. The downturn of China's iron and steel industry in recent years, many companies are facing bankruptcy, the main reason is the problem of overcapacity, The Belt and Road creates a great opportunity to solve the problem. In the The Belt and Road related countries, there are a number of infrastructure construction which is not perfect and needs a lot of steel construction in emerging developing countries and backward countries. The steel industry no longer has the advantage of our country to strengthen cooperation and exchanges with these countries, to improve China's steel production The export of products can seize the opportunity to solve the excess capacity of China's steel industry.

This paper mainly through the two aspects of theoretical and Empirical Study of "The Belt and Road" concept of influence on Chinese steel trade. The theory of the article discusses the development status of China's steel industry and The Belt and Road "concept at present, combined with the classical theory and literature, analyzes the necessity of China's iron and steel industry into the" The Belt and Road "idea. The empirical aspect firstly through the development strategy in recent years exports of some steel products in China and statistics "The Belt and Road" part of the country of trade and investment opportunities in data analysis, analysis of China's steel products is to export The Belt and Road "part of relevant national higher than that of the The Belt and Road" countries, and The development strategy of these countries has also created many opportunities for the export of steel products in China. In addition the paper also selected in China in 2015 to the United States, Japan, South Korea, Vietnam and other 146 countries and regions in steel exports (SE) data, a regression model is established to analyze whether the "The Belt and Road" countries or regions (BR), a country's GDP (GDP) and the average collected from imported steel products in China The effect of ad valorem import tax rate (TM) on the export volume of steel products. The results of regression analysis indicated that the GDP and whether the influence of "The Belt and Road" countries on China's steel export volume significantly, while there was no significant difference from the average Chinese of imported steel products from the price of import tax rate influence. Through the research on the two aspects of theoretical and empirical studies, this paper finally gives some suggestions, hope to be able to use the "The Belt and Road" concept to strengthen steel exports to solve China's iron and steel industry overcapacity problems help.

Key words: Belt and Road Initiative; iron and steel industry overcapacity

目 录

第一章 绪论 1

1.1研究背景 1

1.2研究意义 1

1.3研究现状 2

1.3.1国外研究现状 2

1.3.2国内研究现状 4

1.4研究难点 5

第二章 我国钢铁出口的理论基础及现状 6

2.1钢铁产业总体概述 6

2.2钢铁产业总体现状 7

2.3钢铁产业进出口现状 8

第三章 “一带一路”构想发展概况 11

3.1“一带一路”构想的提出背景 11

3.2“一带一路”构想的发展意义 11

3.3我国钢铁行业与“一带一路”进行结合的意义 12

3.4“一带一路”构想对中国钢铁产业出口作用 13

3.4.1贸易数据方面 13

3.4.2投资机会分析 16

第四章 实证建模分析 17

4.1 数据来源和变量说明 17

4.2 模型构建和数据统计 18

4.3 实证分析过程和结论 18

第五章 “一带一路”战略下我国钢铁行业对外贸易发展建议 19

5.1积极响应“一带一路”构想,不断开发新兴国家市场 20

5.2维持与目前我国钢铁产品出口中非“一带一路”国家的合作 20

5.3政府与企业共同努力,促进我国钢材产品出口 20

致 谢 22

参考文献 23

第一章 绪论

1.1研究背景

自2011年以来,随着中国GDP增速低于10%,中国正式进入经济增长的新常态。这一时期发展的特点是经济发展速度明显放缓,并从快速增长转向温和增长。经济发展模式也从资源驱动型向技术驱动型转变,产业结构也发生了调整。随着我国经济新常态的出现,也出现了许多国家或跨国组织发起的新型国际贸易和投资活动,如“一带一路”的概念和各种多边贸易的签署协议。在这些新的经济常态背景下出现的各种国际贸易和投资活动中,“一带一路”的概念可以说已经成为中国乃至世界经济领域的热门话题。最近几年。它的提出和实施不仅能够极大地促进我国和有关国家的整体经济发展,而且能够极大地改善我国目前在发展中遇到的许多行业的问题。

虽然目前中国钢铁行业存在严重的产能过剩问题,但有学者认为,这并非中国目前在工业化后期面临的特殊挑战,因为他们认为,在我国近二十年的发展中,更多以下产能过剩问题更加突出,这是市场经济条件下的普遍问题。但自2011年以来本轮产能过剩问题以来,由于其特点与以往不同,给中国当前的经济发展带来了巨大的冲击和挑战。中国目前面临的能力过剩问题不仅限于钢铁行业。可以说,这个问题在中国整个行业的很多领域都存在。这也是中国在新常态下工业化后期面临的问题。

1.2研究意义

为解决这一轮严重的产能过剩问题,有学者认为,等待未来经济逐步复苏,经济增长后消费能力逐渐好转,但从目前来看中国的发展情况,这种方法不可靠。目前,中国正处于工业化后期阶段,工业成品已达300多种,位居世界第一,绝对是世界工业经济之一。从其他发达国家的经验来看,中国的下一步应该是朝着成为工业强国的方向发展,在这个发展过程中,中国不能再采取先前的做法,那就是希望中长期的需求国内的国家可以吸收过剩的生产能力。现在。由于前几轮中国钢铁行业产能过剩的问题,这是行业周期性的产能过剩,这是一定时期内的相对过剩产能。目前,我们面临的产能过剩问题是绝对产能过剩。在中国目前的经济形势下,钢铁行业下游众多行业的需求已经饱和。产能过剩将从微观和宏观两个层面对中国经济发展产生重大影响。在微观层面上,中国钢铁行业的许多企业由于无法入不敷出而不得不裁员,减少支出。他们甚至面临破产。如果中国目前的产能过剩状况没有改善,这种情况可能会因恶性价格竞争而恶化。在宏观层面上,越来越严重的系统性经济风险和越来越突出的环境问题是影响中国经济稳定发展的重大隐患。因此,如何快速有效地解决目前产能过剩问题,是“新常态”下中国经济发展的严峻挑战。

剩余内容已隐藏,请支付后下载全文,论文总字数:23355字

您需要先支付 80元 才能查看全部内容!立即支付

该课题毕业论文、开题报告、外文翻译、程序设计、图纸设计等资料可联系客服协助查找;