中低温烟气脱硝催化剂的制备及其性能试验

 2022-02-06 06:02

论文总字数:23598字

摘 要

本文通过溶胶凝胶法制备含有五种钴铁比例的中低温烟气脱硝催化剂,分别利用固定床进行催化剂的活性实验,测得NH3法转化NO的效率,进行比较,对优选催化剂进行了抗水抗硫测试。为了进一步分析催化剂的性能特征,又分别对其进行了程序升温脱附、程序升温还原等多种表征分析。

脱硝活性实验测试范围为125℃到250℃,设置六个测温点,结果表明在225℃以下,随着温度的升高,催化剂的性能逐步提升,当超过225℃以后,NO转化率提高减慢甚至在个别比例中出现不再提高的情况。NH3程序升温脱附表征结果表明,钴含量的增加对催化剂对NH3的吸附性有明显的提升作用,NO程序升温脱附结果表明,增加钴含量的比例可以增加催化剂对NO在高温区间的吸附峰,继续增加钴的比例,催化剂对NO的吸附作用继续增强。程序升温还原表征结果表明,钴同样可以提升催化剂的还原能力,同时我们可以推测,钴铁钛之间某种相互作用使还原温度略有升高。

关键词:SCR;催化剂;溶胶凝胶法;活性测试;程序升温脱附;程序升温还原;

A STUDY ON THE PREPARATION AND PERFORMANCE TEST OF THE FLUE GAS DENOx CATALYST AT LOW TEMPERATURE

Abstract

The Co-Fe-Ti oxide catalysts with five kinds of molar ratios prepared by sol-gel method were used for selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH3 at low temperature. Catalytic performances for different catalysts were measured using a fixed bed reactor and the characterization technologies including temperature programmed desorption (NH3-TPD and NO-TPD) and temperature programmed reduction were employed to investigate the change of adsorption capacity and redox ability. The resistances to water vapor and sulfur dioxide were tested for the catalysts with the best catalytic performance.

The reaction temperature for the test of denitration activity is from 125℃ to 250℃, setting six measuring points. The results showed that under 225℃, with the increase of temperature, catalyst performance gradually improved. Higher than 225℃, the improvement of NO conversion slowed down and was no longer obvious for some catalysts.

The NH3-TPD (temperature programmed desorption) profiles exhibited that the adsorption capacity was significantly improved with the increase of Co content. NO temperature-programmed desorption results (NO-TPD) indicated that increase of the proportion of cobalt content in these catalysts improved NO absorption at high temperature and the adsorption of NO continued to be enhanced with further increase of Co. The temperature programmed reduction characterization (H2-TPR) results showed that cobalt can also enhance the redox ability of catalysts. The reduction temperature shifted towards higher temperature with the increase of Co content. We can speculate that there was some interaction between Co, Fe and Ti.

KEY WORDS: SCR; catalyst; Sol-Gel; activity tests; TPD; TPR

目录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1引言 1

1.1.1 我国NOx排放现状 1

1.1.2 SCR简介 1

1.2脱硝SCR催化剂 2

1.2.1催化剂的类别 2

1.2.2 含钴催化剂的研究 3

1.2.3 NOx 和NH3的选择性催化还原反应机制 3

1.2.4 SO2和H2O对催化剂的影响 4

1.3本文的研究目的和主要研究内容 5

第二章 催化剂的制备 6

2.1. 仪器和药品 6

2.1.1实验药品 6

2.1.2实验仪器 6

2.2制备方法 6

2.3 制备过程 7

第三章 脱硝活性实验 9

3.1 引言 9

3.2实验装置 9

3.3 试验过程及原理 10

3.4实验结果及分析 11

第四章 催化剂的表征分析 13

4.1.引言——SCR反应机理 13

4.1.1低温范围 13

4.1.2高温范围的SCR机理 13

4.2 程序升温脱附 14

4.2.1 NO-TPD 14

4.2.2NH3-TPD 16

4.3 程序升温还原(H2-TPR) 17

第五章 抗水抗硫脱硝活性测试 20

结论 22

致谢 23

参考文献 24

第一章 绪论

1.1引言

1.1.1 我国NOx排放现状

氮氧化物(NOx)是给人类社会生活带来困扰最多的空气污染物之一,主要来自汽车尾气排放和火力发电厂以及其他的固定排放源。我国氮氧化物排放量近年来呈现快速增长趋势,从2000年的11Mt,增加到2010年的23Mt,已经成为世界上第一大NOx排放国。我国以煤炭为主的能源结构和同样的发电结构,使得燃煤成为我国NOx的最大来源,全国NOx排放量中的67%来自煤炭燃烧,其中,燃煤电厂的排放量最大。我国于2004年1月1日起开始执行的《火电厂大气污染物排放标准》(GB13223-2003),将新建燃煤电厂的氮氧化物的排放浓度控制在了450mg.m-3。2011年发布的《火电厂大气污染物排放标准》中将新建、扩建和改建的火电厂的氮氧化物排放,限值为了100mg.m-3.因此,针对重点源开展NOx的排放控制原理和新技术的研究变得十分有必要和迫切。

剩余内容已隐藏,请支付后下载全文,论文总字数:23598字

您需要先支付 80元 才能查看全部内容!立即支付

该课题毕业论文、开题报告、外文翻译、程序设计、图纸设计等资料可联系客服协助查找;