新三板公司股权激励与公司绩效研究

 2022-12-17 02:12

论文总字数:15645字

摘 要

新三板市场是我国证监会设立的在全国范围内运行的证券交易市场,也被称为全国中小企业股份转让系统。新三板市场近年来发展态势良好,不仅市场规模正在不断扩大,其在服务方面的水平也在稳步提升,包括管理方法和体制、法律政策在不断完善,投资商以及各大企业、学术界研究人员高度关注新三板市场。在公司治理中,股权激励措施影响企业的治理机制和决策体系,作用于公司绩效,但股权激励也是一把双刃剑,如果没有用合适的方法,反而会造成负面影响。由于新三板与其他版块差异较大,主板的相关研究不适用于新三板,且在新三板这一领域的相关研究数量欠缺。本文选取2017-2019年三年新三板市场挂牌企业的7个财务指标、共840个数据,运用多元回归分析方法,研究在新三板市场中股权激励对绩效的关系。研究结果显示股权激励比例对净资产收益率的影响是显著的,但回归系数为负,也就是说股权激励比例对净资产收益率存在一定的抑制作用,而股权集中度、股权制衡度对净资产收益率的影响是有显著正影响的。

关键词:新三板;股权激励;公司绩效;回归分析;异质性分析

Research on Equity Incentive and Corporate Performance of New Third Board Companies

Abstract

The new third board market is a securities exchange market set up by CSRC in China and is also known as the national stock transfer system for small and medium-sized enterprises. The new three board market has developed well in recent years. It is not only the market scale is expanding, but also its service level is steadily improving, including the improvement of management methods and systems, legal policies, and the high attention of investors, as well as researchers in various enterprises and academia. In corporate governance, equity incentive measures affect the governance mechanism and decision-making system of enterprises, and affect the performance of the company. However, equity incentive is also a double-edged sword. If not, it will have negative impact. Because of the big difference between the new three boards and other boards, the research on the main board is not suitable for the new three boards, and the number of related researches in the new three boards is not enough. This paper selects 7 financial indicators and 840 data of Listed Companies in the new three-year market from 2017 to 2019. Using the multiple regression analysis method, the paper studies the relationship between equity incentive and performance in the new three board market. The results show that the equity incentive ratio has a significant impact on the return on net assets, but the regression coefficient is negative, that is to say, the equity incentive ratio has a certain inhibition on the return rate of net assets, and the influence of equity concentration and equity balance on the return rate of net assets is significantly positive.

Key words: New third board; Analysis of equity incentive; corporate performance; regression analysis; heterogeneity analysis

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪 论 2

1.1 研究背景 2

1.2 研究的目的及意义 2

1.3 研究内容及方法 2

1.4 论文框架 3

第二章 概念界定与文献综述 4

2.1 股权激励的概念界定 4

2.2 研究理论 4

2.3 文献评述 5

第三章 新三板公司股权激励的现状与作用 6

3.1 新三板公司股权激励的现状 6

3.1.1 新三板市场股权激励的企业现状 6

3.1.2 新三板市场股权激励的政策现状 6

3.2 新三板市场股权激励的作用 8

第四章 新三板公司股权激励与公司绩效研究设计 9

4.1 研究假设 9

4.2 研究样本 9

4.3 研究变量 10

4.3.1 模型设计 10

4.3.2 变量选择 10

第五章 新三板公司股权激励与公司绩效实证分析 11

5.1 描述性统计 11

5.2 实证分析 12

5.2.1 相关性检验 12

5.2.2 多元回归分析 13

5.2.3 异质性分析 13

第六章 结论与建议 14

6.1 研究结论 14

6.2 建议 14

6.3 展望与不足 15

参考文献(References) 16

致 谢 17

第一章 绪 论

1.1 研究背景

新三板市场为处于成长阶段、具有创新能力和盈利空间的中小型企业提供股票交易等融资服务,企业在新三板市场中具有许多优势。随着新三板市场在2013年扩容后,它满足了许多中小企业的融资需求,因此越来越多的新兴企业进入市场,为新三板市场注入新鲜血液,使市场更有活力。2005年上市企业股权激励的相关政策出台后,股权激励的机制逐渐被大部分人认可,尤其是在以中小企业为主的新三板市场中,股权激励成为了最常见的激励方法之一。 到2020年,新三板挂牌企业数量如图1所示,其中基础层占比最大。

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