政府补贴和企业研发平滑效应关系研究

 2022-06-28 11:06

论文总字数:26402字

摘 要

随着经济全球化的迅速发展,研发创新已经成为企业提高自身竞争力的重要因素之一,各国政府也在不断地加强研发力度、鼓励自主创新。然而跟一般的资本投资不同,研发投入具有投入规模大、回报周期长、高不确定性和高风险性等特点。作为创新研发的主体,企业如何维持研发创新活动的持续稳定和健康开展已成为亟待研究解决的问题。对此,我国政府出台了一系列针对企业研发创新的优惠激励政策,以期能减少企业研发的阻碍,鼓励企业研发。

本文在这一背景下,参考国内外文献的研究,运用系统GMM动态模型,提出合理假设,通过沪深A股上市公司化学化工行业的高新技术企业,对研发平滑与政府补贴的相关关系进行研究分析。在研究中,本文将政府补贴视为一种融资方式,并将其同其他融资方式的平滑效应进行对比,分析各自的优劣势,同时为了进一步考察政府补贴的平滑效应,对样本进行产权所有制和企业生命周期的分组,进行对比检验和分析。最后,结合理论分析和实证检验的结果,得出政府补贴可以平滑企业的研发支出的结论,且平滑效果在非国有企业和成长期企业更为显著,对我国现行的高新技术企业的政府补贴政策提供参考。

关键字:研发平滑;政府补贴;系统GMM估计

ABSTRACT

With the rapid development of economic globalization, Ramp;D and innovation have become one of the important factors for enterprises to improve their competitiveness. Governments in various countries are also constantly strengthening research and development and encouraging independent innovation. However, unlike general capital investment, Ramp;D investment has the characteristics of large investment scale, long return period, high uncertainty and high risk. As the main body of innovation and Ramp;D, how to maintain the continuous stability and healthy development of Ramp;D and innovation activities has become a problem that urgently needs to be studied and solved. In this regard, the Chinese government has introduced a series of preferential incentive policies for corporate Ramp;D and innovation, with a view to reducing the obstruction of corporate Ramp;D and encouraging Ramp;D of companies.

In this context, with reference to the literature research at home and abroad, using the dynamic model of the system GMM, a reasonable hypothesis was put forward. Through the high-tech companies in the chemical and chemical industry of the Shanghai A-share listed companies, the relationship between Ramp;D smoothness and government subsidies was studied. analysis. In the study, this article regards government subsidies as a financing method, compares them with the smooth effects of other financing methods, analyzes their respective strengths and weaknesses, and at the same time conducts ownership ownership of the sample in order to further investigate the smooth effect of government subsidies. The grouping of the company's life cycle will be compared and analyzed. Finally, combining the results of theoretical analysis and empirical test, we draw the conclusion that government subsidies can smooth the Ramp;D expenditures of enterprises, and the smoothing effect is more pronounced in non-state-owned enterprises and growth-oriented enterprises, to provide reference for the current government subsidies policy of high-tech enterprises in China.

Key Words: Ramp;D smoothness; government subsidies; system GMM estimation

目 录

摘 要 I

ABSTRACT II

目 录 III

第一章 导论 1

1.1 研究背景和意义 1

1.1.1 研究背景 1

1.1.2 研究意义 1

1.2 研究方法和思路 2

1.3 本文可能的创新和不足 3

1.3.1 本文可能的创新之处 3

1.3.2 本文可能的不足之处 3

1.4 相关概念界定 3

1.5 本文内容安排 3

第二章 相关文献回顾及评述 5

2.1 政府补贴与研发平滑相关研究 5

2.1.1 激励效应 5

2.1.2 挤出效应 5

2.2 文献评述 6

第三章 理论分析和研究设计 7

3.1 理论分析 7

3.2 研究假设 7

3.3 样本选择和数据来源 8

3.4 变量设定与说明 8

3.5 模型构建 9

第四章 实证检验分析 12

4.1 描述性统计 12

4.2 相关系数分析 12

4.3 回归结果分析 13

4.4 稳健性检验 18

4.5 本章小结 18

第五章 结论与展望 19

5.1 研究结论 19

5.2 对策建议 19

5.3 研究展望 19

参考文献 20

致 谢 22

第一章 导论

1.1 研究背景和意义

1.1.1 研究背景

随着经济结构转型升级的逐渐推进,企业间的竞争日益激烈,技术型企业在竞争中占据越来越大的优势,研发创新是技术型企业赖以发展与壮大的关键,好的研发创新成果可以有效提升企业的市场竞争力。然而,研发活动本身具有高风险、高不确定性、调整成本巨大的性质,再加上企业研发投资支出过程中需要长期持续性地投入大量资金,一旦出现资金投入问题,就会产生高额的调整成本,研发活动也将因受到中断以至于半途而废。因此,如何长期有效地保证研发活动的平稳和持续,已成为实务界和学术界的重要研究课题。对此,政府也贡献出一份力量,相继出台了一系列优惠政策,诸如直接财政补贴、加计扣除、所得税低税率优惠等。而财政补贴也成为政府激励企业从事研发创新的重要手段。

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