Applicability of Functionalist Translation Theory in Legal Translation

By Zhu Qingqing

In partial fulfillment of the requirement

For the B. A. degree

Department of English

School of Languages and Cultures

Nanjing University of Information Science amp; Technology

May, 2016

Aesthetic Analysis of Zhu Shenghao’s Translation-The Merchant of Venice

Zhu Qingqing

Department of English School of Languages and Cultures, NUIST, Nanjing210044, China

Abstract: Shakespeare is a great master of language, his work has distinct aesthetic traits. The Merchant of Venice is very distinctive, and Zhu Shenghao’s translation of this play is also very outstanding. Firstly, the author briefly introduces the definition of aesthetic translation and the biography of Zhu Shenghao. Then, the author classifies the literary beauty into three parts: artistic beauty, form beauty and social beauty. In addition, the author analyzes the aesthetic traits in The Merchant of Venice according to the three literary beauties. Finally, after the comparison between the target text and source text, the author reveals Zhu Shenghao’s strategies of aesthetic reproduction of the source text in his translation.

Key words: aesthetic; aesthetic reproduction; translation strategy

摘 要：莎士比亚作为语言大师，其作品具有明显的美学特征。《威尼斯商人》是莎士比亚一部极具特色的喜剧作品，朱生豪所译《威尼斯商人》也是一部出色的译作。本文中，笔者首先简单介绍了翻译美学的概念和朱生豪的生平。其次，笔者对文学的美进行了分类，分为艺术美、社会美和形式美。然后笔者从这三种文学美出发，分析了《威尼斯商人》原文中所包含的美学特征。最后，通过原文与译文的比较，分析朱生豪所使用的翻译策略，揭示了朱生豪在译文《威尼斯商人》中的美学再现。

关键词：美学；美学再现；翻译策略

Contents

1.Introduction 1

1.1Brief Introduction of Aesthetic Translation 1

1.2Brief Introduction of Zhu Shenghao 1

2. The Classification of Literary Beauty 2

2.1Artistic Beauty of the literature 2

2.2 Form beauty of the literature 2

2.3 Social beauty of the literature 3

3.The Aesthetic features of The Merchant of Venice 3

3.1 The artistic beauty of the language 3

3.2 The form beauty of the language 4

3.3 The social beauty of the language 4

4.The representation of the aesthetic features of Zhu Shenghao’s translation 5

4.1 Selection of the words 5

4.2 Imitation of the forms 6

4.3 Reproduction of the Style 8

5.Conclusions 9

References 10

Acknowledgments..................................................................................................................11

1.Introduction

1.1Brief Introduction of Aesthetic Translation

It is the most important thing in human ideological history to admit that aesthetics is an independent subject.(毛荣贵,2005:1）So, what is aesthetics? Aesthetics is a scientific study that researches human being’s consciousness of beauty. It also researches the creation, the development and the rules of beauty. Then how can we definite the translation aesthetics? As is pointed out in Fang Mengzhi’s A dictionary of Translation Studies (2004), we can definite the translation aesthetics like this: The translation aesthetics reveals the aesthetic origins of the translation studies and explores the special meaning that aesthetics gives translatology. So its purpose is to find out the scientific character and artistic character of translation from the aesthetic view, and put forward the aesthetic standards for translating different genres that follow the basic principles of aesthetics, analyzing, explaining and resolving the aesthetic problems in translation. Although there are distinct aesthetic traits in the theories of Chinese translation, but most of the traits are not studied. That is why we need to do further discussion and research of the aesthetic translation. In the comparison between Chinese and English, we can see the language universality and the language individuality. To compare the difference between Chinese and English is also an important way to research into the aesthetic translation.

1.2Brief Introduction of Zhu Shenghao

Zhu Shenghao was born in a merchant family in 1912 which was struggling to survive in the turbulent times. When he was four years old, he was enlightened by his mother Zhu Peixia to get in touch with the Chinese literature. Zhu Shenghao showed his high talent of Chinese literature when he was very young. When he grew up, he was admitted in the Zhi Jiang university because of his superior grades. He majored in Chinese literature, and at the same time he learned English. His accomplishment in both English and Chinese literature offered a good foundation to his translation. Xia Chengtao, Zhu Shenghao’s teacher in the university, commented Zhu was “as timid and silent as a maid, did not say a word easily. I found his English ability was of very high level. Although Zhi Jiang university has been existed for about ten years, his talent in poetry and English was so rare that maybe no one excel him. ”(吴洁敏,1989:39)

Zhu Shenghao spent his whole life translating the plays by Shakespeare, and he translated about thirty-one and a half plays of Shakespeare. He chose to live in extreme poverty in his later life, and struggled to maintain the poor life with his meager salary out of writing. He translated the plays when he was sick all the time, and missed the best treatment time for his disease and finally died in deep pity. He once said to his wife Song Qingru sadly: “If I know my disease would be so serious, I will desperately to finish the whole translation of the plays.”(吴洁敏,1989:189)Shakespeare writes thirty-seven plays in all, Zhu has rendered thirty-one and a half. In terms of the amount, Zhu’s translation number was the top one and in terms of quality, his translation was also the top one. Many experts all over the world agree that Zhu’s translation is the treasure of Chinese translation culture. When the first print of his translations of Shakespeare’s plays spread abroad, the literary circles in Europe were shocked at that someone in Chinese can give such high quality translation.

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