基于EnergyPlus的地源热泵系统建模与性能评估

 2022-06-21 11:06

论文总字数:35008字

摘 要

随着建筑能耗软件的不断开发,建筑能耗模拟已成为能耗预测和优化改造的重要手段,然而在实际应用中,系统实测性能往往与模拟性能存在一定偏差。本文分析了引起实际与模拟能耗差异的主要原因,并对运行模式差异对能耗差异的影响进行探究。

本文基于EnergyPlus模拟软件构建了夏热冬冷地区某地源热泵系统模型,并对系统设备添加控制逻辑,使其可按系统设计运行策略供冷或供热。模拟获得空调系统在整个供冷季的供冷负荷、设备能耗等运行数据,并与实测数据对比分析,得到供冷期间设备能耗差异。影响能耗差异的因素众多,本文以空调系统差异为研究对象,采用从整体到局部的研究思想,将系统差异分为模式差异、设备差异和参数差异三个层次。主要研究了模式差异对能耗差异的影响,构建了可用于描述能耗差异定量模型。这一模型建立了差异大小与影响差异的因素间的联系,为进一步探究不同因素对能耗差异的影响大小提供条件。基于这一模型,分析了实际与模拟情况下,运行模式种类、运行模式频数以及运行模式能耗的具体差异大小和影响因素。

关键词:模拟预测、性能差异、运行模式、定量模型

Abstract

At present, building energy consumption simulation has become an important means of energy prediction and transformation. However, in practical applications, the actual measurement performance of the system often has some deviation from the simulation performance. This paper analyzes the main causes of the difference between actual and simulated energy consumption, and explores the impact of operating mode differences on energy consumption differences.

This paper builds a ground-source heat pump system model, located in the hot-summer and cold-winter zone, based on EnergyPlus simulation software, and adds control logic to the system equipment so that it can supply cooling or heating according to the system designed operation strategy. The simulation obtained the operating data of the cooling load and equipment energy consumption of the air conditioning system throughout the cooling season, and compared it with the measured data to obtain the difference in equipment energy consumption during the cooling period. There are many factors influencing the difference of energy consumption. This paper takes the difference of air-conditioning system as the research object, adopts the research thought from the whole to the local, and divides the system differences into three levels: mode difference, equipment difference and parameter difference. This paper mainly studies the impact of model differences on energy consumption differences, and constructs a quantitative model that can be used to describe energy consumption differences. This model establishes the link between the size of the difference and the factors that influence the difference, and provides the conditions for further exploration of the influence of different factors on the difference in energy consumption. Based on this model, the actual differences of operating mode type, operating mode frequency, and operating mode energy consumption under actual and simulated conditions are analyzed.

KEY WORDS: simulation predict, performance gap, operation mode, quantitative model

目录

摘要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 课题研究背景与意义 1

1.2 国内外应用与研究现状 2

1.2.1 应用现状 2

1.2.2 系统性能的影响因素 2

1.2.3 实际性能与模拟预测差异机理研究 3

1.3 本文主要研究内容 4

第二章 基于EnergyPlus的系统模型 5

2.1 EnergyPlus软件概述 5

2.2 EnergyPlus主要设备模型 6

2.2.1 热泵机组模型 6

2.2.2 水泵模型 7

2.2.3 蓄冷水箱模型 8

2.2.4 板式热交换器模型 9

2.3 设备性能分析 10

2.3.1 热泵机组 10

2.3.2 变速水泵 11

2.4 本章小结 11

第三章 地源热泵系统模型 13

3.1 建筑模型 13

3.1.1 建筑概况 13

3.1.2 围护结构 13

3.1.3 建筑使用特性 14

3.2 空调系统 15

3.2.1 建筑空调系统 15

3.2.2 空调系统模型 16

3.2.3 系统运行策略 18

3.3 模拟结果 18

3.3.1 负荷特性 18

3.3.2 机组能耗 20

3.4 本章小结 22

第四章 能耗差异的定量化分析 23

4.1 能耗差异原因概述 23

4.2 运行模式差异 24

4.2.1 定量模型 24

4.2.2 运行模式种类差异 25

4.2.3 运行模式频数差异 27

4.2.4 运行模式能耗差异 28

4.3 本章小结 30

第五章 总结与展望 32

5.1 全文总结 32

5.2 展望 32

致谢 34

参考文献 35

绪论

课题研究背景与意义

现阶段,我国已经步入城市化高速发展阶段,相关产业也得到迅猛发展。其中,建筑业作为城市化的基础产业,也进入高速发展阶段。近年来,我国城镇建筑面积一直保持着高速增长的趋势。据统计,2015年年末,我国城镇建筑面积已达248亿m²,人均居住面积约32m²[1]。并预计到2020年末我国城镇人均居住面积预计为35m²,城镇总人口预计可达到8.4亿人[2]。这意味着,在这五年中,城镇居住总面积需再增加46亿m²。

随着建筑行业的迅猛增长以及人们对居住环境舒适度的要求不断提高,建筑能耗逐渐扩大。据统计,2015年我国建筑能源消费总量约占全国总量的1/5。这说明建筑能耗占社会总能耗很大比重,已成为社会三大能耗之一,建筑节能成为当今时代的迫切需求。

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