CPC太阳能集热系统的设计及其应用分析

 2022-02-14 07:02

论文总字数:30744字

摘 要

针对我国建筑供暖能耗巨大、以及雾霾污染严重等问题,本文研究并设计了采用CPC型太阳能集热器为热源的建筑供暖系统。使用太阳能技术进行供暖,不但能够降低煤炭等化石能源的消耗,还可以降低对环境的污染。

本文以南京地区某别墅建筑为研究对象。首先进行了CPC型集热器的模拟设计,计算其集热效率。然后对建筑负荷进行了模拟,并结合南京当地的气象条件和建筑物的能耗动态模拟结果,设计了末端为低温热水辐射地板的太阳能供暖系统。此外,将CPC型集热器与平板型和真空管型太阳能集热器进行了对比分析。采用控制变量法,分析三种集热器在本设计供暖系统中的使用性价比。结果表明,平板型集热器造价最低,但所需的布置面积太大;真空管型集热器造价中等,但维修费高,使用保证率低;CPC集热器虽然效率较高,使用保证率高,但是面临造价较高的问题。

综上,在满足同样供暖需求下,所需面积少、具有高效率、高使用保证率的CPC集热器能够满足更高的生活质量,会更受青睐,但目前仍需不断改进以降低成本,促进推广。

关键字:CPC;集热器;供暖系统

A Study On CPC Solar Heat Collector And Its Application In Building Heating System

Abstract:

In view of huge building heating energy consumption, and serious haze pollution and other issues, this paper studied and designed a building heating system using CPC solar collector as heat source, which offer benefits of a very good energy-saving and environmental improvement.

A villa in Nanjing was used as base building. Firstly the CPC collector was designed, and its t collection efficiency was calculated. Then the building load was simulated, and combined with Nanjing local weather conditions and the dynamic building energy consumption simulation result, a low-temperature hot water radiant floor heating system was designed. In addition, the CPC solar collector with vacuum tube and flat-plate solar collectors’ cost-effective were compared in the solar heating system, using control variable method. Results show that the flat-plate collectors has the lowest cost, but requiring too large arrangement area; the vacuum tube solar collector has a moderate cost, but also high maintenance costs, low using guaranteed rate; CPC collectors although has a high efficiency, high using guaranteed rate, but faced with the problem of high cost.

In summary, in the same heating needs, CPC collector with the less required area, high efficiency, high using guaranteed rate can provided higher life quality, and it will be more popular, but now still need to continue to improve in order to reduce costs and push forward the promotion.

Key Words: CPC; collectors; building heating system

目 录

摘要: I

Abstract: II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1题目背景和意义 1

1.1.1能源与环境背景 1

1.1.2太阳能资源 1

1.1.3意义 1

1.2太阳能供暖技术现状 2

1.2.1国外现状 2

1.2.2 国内现状 2

1.3本文的主要设计内容 3

第二章 集热器设计 4

2.1 CPC性能分析 4

2.2基础模型 4

2.3光学效率 6

2.3.1软件介绍 6

2.3.2 计算方法 6

2.3.3数据分析 7

2.4集热效率 10

2.4.1传热过程分析 10

2.4.2效率因子 12

2.4.2总热损失系数 13

2.4.4热迁移因子 14

2.4.5瞬时集热效率 15

第三章 供暖系统设计 16

3.1太阳能供暖系统的技术分析 16

3.1.1太阳能供暖系统的原理 16

3.1.2 太阳能供暖系统方式 16

3.2建筑动态负荷计算 17

3.2.1动态负荷计算方法简介 17

3.2.2建筑描述 17

3.2.3负荷计算结果 18

3.3太阳能供暖系统设计 20

3.3.1集热器面积及设计 20

3.3.2蓄热器的类型及大小确定 22

3.3.3辅助热源确定 22

3.3.4供暖盘管确定 23

3.3.5循环泵确定 24

3.3.6供暖集成系统确定 25

第四章 与平板型、真空管型供暖系统对比分析 27

4.1平板型、真空管型简介 28

4.2计算结果 28

4.3数据对比分析 29

第五章 总结与展望 32

5.1总结 32

5.2展望 32

致谢 34

参考文献(References) 35

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