南京市居民对长期护理保险的参保意愿及影响因素分析

 2022-07-14 02:07

论文总字数:12186字

摘 要

人口老龄化时代背景下,长期护理保险在我国有潜在的需求,本调查围绕南京市居民对长期护理保险的参保意愿及影响因素进行,并根据调查结果进行讨论分析,为推动南京市长期护理保险制度发展提供参考。方法 经查阅文献、征询专家意见后,设计问卷,并随机发放问卷,回收有效问卷390份。并利用SPSS对影响因素进行分析,找到显著性影响因素。结果 本次调研对象中,36.4%有长期护理保险需求,从人口统计学因素、经济因素、认知观念因素三维度分析,显示年龄、受教育程度、就业情况、年医药费用支出、可接受商业护理保险年保费、是否听说过长期护理保险、对政府和监管部门的信任程度会对长期护理保险需求产生影响。结论 目前南京市居民对长期护理保险参保意愿较低,根据结果,政府和社区应加大长期护理保险制度宣传力度,合理控制医药费用,增强居民的信任感以及制定相关制度政策。

关键词:;长期护理保险需求;参保意愿;影响因素

Analysis on the demand and the influencing factors of Long-term Care Insurance in Nanjing

Student:Yang Wang Student ID:42214208 Tutor:Jianqian Chao

Abstract: Objective Long-term care insurance, as an insurance product that adapts to the development trend of the aging society, has a large potential demand in China. This survey aims to analyze the willingness and influencing factors of long-term care insurance for Nanjing people, and analyze the results to provide reference for the development of long-term care insurance system in Nanjing. Methods Through consulting the literature and experts, questionnaires are designed. After randomly distributing questionnaires, 390 valid questionnaires were recovered. Based on this, we analyzed the influencing factors of the demand of long-care insurance and found which are significant. Results 36.4% of the respondents had long-term care insurance requirements. Factors, including age, education level, and employment status in demographic statistics, annual medical expenditures and annual premiums for acceptable commercial nursing insurance in economic factors, and whether or not long-term insurance has been heard before, trust in government and regulatory authorities in cognitive perception factors, are all have an impact on long-term care insurance demand. Based on this, discussions were made to make recommendations. Conclusion Currently Nanjing residents have low willingness to participate in long-term care insurance. According to the result, the government and the community should increase the publicity of long-term care insurance, reasonably control the medical expenses, enhance residents’ trust and formulate relevant policies.

Key words: Long-term Care Insurance; willingness;influencing factors

我国人口基数大,老龄化速度快,老年人口加速增长。截至2015年底,我国60岁及以上老年人口共2.22亿人,据预测,我国60岁以上人口到2050年将超4亿[1]。随着老龄化而来的各种社会问题越来越突出,其中失能问题尤其值得关注。随着人均寿命延长、疾病谱由传染病为主转向慢性病为主[2],我国失能人口不断增多。据中国老龄科学研究中心公布数据,截止2015年底,我国失能半失能人口超过4000万[3]。据预测,到21世纪中叶,我国失能半失能人口将达7500万人[2],对我国老年护理提出迫切需求。而在家庭结构小型化这一时代背景下[4],传统的家庭养老模式面临巨大挑战,年轻一代很难担负起长期护理失能老人的经济成本和时间成本。长期护理保险作为缓解家庭压力的有力帮手,未来有巨大的发展前景。

目前我国长期护理保险仍处于初步发展时期,人社部在2016年6月发布了《关于长期护理保险制度试点的指导意见》,决定开展长期护理保险试点工作。长期护理保险制度自启动试点以来,一定程度上实现人群广覆盖,虽取得不错进展,但我国长期护理保险发展仍有很大上升空间,多维度多角度研究长期护理保险需求,建立健全长期护理保险制度是有紧迫现实意义的。

本次研究围绕南京市居民展开,了解南京市居民对长期护理保险的认识状况及参保意愿,对其参保意愿影响因素进行分析,通过讨论提出了相关建议。

1 对象与方法

1.1对象

以南京市18岁以上居民为调查对象,线上、线下随机抽样,进行问卷调查。

1.2研究方法

1.2.1 文献检索法

通过中国知网、万方等数据库进行文献检索,收集并筛选出与长期护理保险相关研究文献作为理论研究参考文献。

1.2.2 问卷调查法

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