带PFC的双管正激变换器设计

 2022-02-25 09:02

论文总字数:25980字

摘 要

学号16012126 姓名彭旺

指导老师 时斌

单相双级PFC变换器利用隔离解耦电容将整个系统变为相互独立的两个模块,既实现了电网功率因数校正,减少了电流谐波,降低了THD值,还能够快速调节输出电压。这种开关电源原理理论成熟,拓扑结构简单易懂,对器件的耐压耐流水平要求不高,并且控制简单。但是其中间隔离电容电压幅值比较大,其两端电压幅值一般达到500V甚至更高,所以如何有效降低电容电压成为双级PFC变换器的一个重大难题。

本文研制一台单相两级PFC变换器,在前级加入PFC模块实现功率校正功能,同时我们在后级电路加入DC/DC模块实现输出电压快速调节。本文首先从BOOST型PFC变换器的工作原理出发,分析其工作特点,再结合双管正激变换器拓扑结构,将两者功能相结合,然后引入解耦隔离电容将两者连接结合起来,即形成了单相两级PFC双管正激式变换器。接下来,分析了其拓扑结构以及各个工作流程。同时,提出峰值电流控制原理,根据实际需求,推导出反馈传递函数,提出具体变换器控制方法。其次,借助PLECS软件,搭建电路原理图以及反馈控制回路,然后对系统的前后两级进行了仿真分析。通过对变换器主电路进行稳态分析,然后对前级电路进行独立仿真分析、后级DC/DC模块稳态工作,根据其工作过程,从而检验了变换器设计的可行性。然后,设计变换器样机,对变化器组成元件进行参数计算最后根据具体数据以及实际需求来选择元件型号。最后,画出PCB板。

最后,对前文进行总结,指出优势以及不足之处,为进一步工作给出意见。

关键词:PFC,双管正激式,PLECS,峰值电流

Abstract

The single-phase two-stage PFC converter using decoupling capacitor isolation divides the system into two modules independent of each other, not only to achieve power factor correction, reduce the current harmonic content, and fast output voltage regulation, has mature theory, has the advantages of simple structure, easy to control many advantages. But the isolation capacitor voltage amplitude is not controllable, both ends of the voltage amplitude is generally up to 500V or even higher, so how to effectively reduce the capacitor voltage to become a major problem of the dual PFC converter.

In this paper, a single phase two stage PFC converter is developed, which is expected to be able to achieve power correction and output voltage fast adjustment. First from the boost type PFC converter and dual is flyback converter topology to proceed, respectively analysis of both the working principle and working process, and the introduction of isolation and decoupling capacitor by linking the two together, namely single-phase two-stage PFC double is a flyback converter. Analysis of working process of topological structure of single-phase two level PFC transistor forward converter and various working modes. At the same time, the principle of peak current control is put forward, and the control method of the converter is proposed. Secondly, the simulation analysis of the system is carried out by using the software of PLECS. Through steady work in the topology of the main circuit simulation, PFC converter work independently, double forward converter for steady work, analysis its working process and waveform, verify the principle analysis, which verifies the feasibility of the converter design. Then the design of a double tube positive excitation type two-stage PFC converter prototype, first determine the topology of the main circuit, and then determine the PFC control circuit, design level DC / DC control circuit, isolation and decoupling capacitor selection, are the major components parameters design calculation method as well as the main element of specific selection. Finally, draw the PCB board, and make the test circuit of the prototype. The correctness of the theoretical analysis and the simulation analysis is verified by the measured waveform. Then the power factor, efficiency, input adjustment rate, load regulation rate and other performance indicators are tested respectively. The test results show that the performance of the prototype meets the design requirements.

Keywords: power factor correction, double forward, PLECS

目 录

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 课题背景与选题意义 1

1.1.1 课题背景 1

1.1.2 课题的选题研究意义 2

1.2 功率因数校正技术(PFC) 2

1.2.1 无源功率因数校正电路[14,15] 2

1.2.2 有源功率因数校正[10,11,12] 3

1.3 PFC电路的模式和一般控制策略[18,19.20,21] 5

1.3.1 断续导电模式(DCM) 5

1.3.2 连续导电模式(CCM) 6

1.3.3 临界导电模式(CRM) 6

1.4 PFC电路的几种控制策略 6

1.4.1 直接电流控制 6

1.4.2 间接电流控制 8

1.4.3 单周期控制 8

1.5 国内外研究现状[24,25] 8

1.6 本文主要内容和结构 9

第二章 双管正激式两级PFC变换器的工作原理 11

2.1 系统概述 11

2.2 BOOST型的功率因数校正电路 11

2.3 变压器隔离的双管正激变换器 12

2.3.1 变换器主电路拓扑 12

2.3.2 变换器工作状态分析 13

2.4 本章小结 15

第三章 双管正激变换器的建模与控制 17

3.1 概述 17

3.2 后级电路峰值电流控制原理 17

3.3 斜坡补偿技术 17

3.4 电流电压双闭环控制的DC/DC变换器的一阶模型 18

3.5 变换器的系统仿真 19

3.5.1 仿真软件介绍 19

3.5.2 电路稳态工作时的仿真分析 19

3.5.3 DC/DC后级变换器闭环控制仿真 20

3.5.4 双管正激式两级PFC变换器闭环仿真 20

3.6 本章小结 21

第四章 变换器的参数设计 23

4.1 概述 23

4.2 PFC电路的参数设计 23

4.2.1 前级整流桥 23

4.2.2 Boost升压电感 24

4.2.3 滤波电容 24

4.3 交错并联双管正激主电路的参数设计 24

4.3.1 主变压器 24

4.3.2 功率开关管和二极管的选取 25

4.3.3 输出滤波电感的设计 26

4.3.4 输出滤波电容的选择 26

4.3.5 后级DC/DC变换器电流采样电阻 26

4.3.6 正激变换器软启动电路设计 27

4.4 PFC级峰值电流控制电路设计 27

4.4.1 电感电流采样反馈电路 27

4.5 交错并联双管正激控制电路的设计 28

4.5.1 软启动的设计 28

4.5.2 峰值电流内环和电压外环的设计 28

4.6 本章小结 29

第五章 总结与展望 31

5.1 本课题的主要任务 31

5.2 展望 31

参考文献 33

绪论

课题背景与选题意义

课题背景

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