自适应零序电流保护研究

 2023-02-05 11:02

论文总字数:14366字

摘 要

作为当今社会的重要能源,电力在发展国民经济以及提升人民生活中发挥着重要作用。电力系统的形成与四个环节有着紧密关联。其一是电能的生产,其二是电能传输,其三是电能分配,其四是电能使用。从电力在现代社会中的特殊意义来看,电力的维护尤为关键。在电力维护中,继电保护的作用更是至关重要的,它对推动电力系统正常运转是必不可少的。作为一种主要的保护方法,电力系统继电保护技术有助于系统运转有效性的提升。故而,探索相应继电保护技术是拥有极为关键的现实价值以及借鉴意义的。以此为背景,本文简单论述了该系统继电保护技术当前的发展情况。从实际情况来看,其发展主要表现在两个方面。第一,中国研发该继电保护技术虽然相对较晚,但其发展速度极快。第二,微型继电得到了快速发展。在正常运转电力系统的时候,三相是相互对称的,理论上零序以及负序电流都是以零为值。而短路故障则大部分是不对称的,这样零序以及负序电流电压都将非常大。运行故障以及运行正常之间的差异可以通过故障的不对称性来找到,差异主要体现在是零对比较大值,会有着极为显著的差异。因此,零序电流保护在电压等级为一百一十伏特及以上的电网中应用得极为广泛。

对于继电保护而言,其主要是在运行期间出现故障以及异常的时候,能够快速地利用跳闸命令来去除故障,降低引起而导致的电气装置损坏程度,并缩小停电范围,确保电力系统运转的可靠性以及安全性。通常情况,可能遇到的故障主要有三种。其一是三相短路,其二是两相短路,其三是单相接地等。而出现的异常情况也主要有三种。其一是过载,其二是过电压,其三是低电压。

关键词:继电保护;零序电流保护;零序电流

Abstract

As an important energy source in today"s society, electricity plays an important role in developing national economy and improving people"s life. The formation of power system is closely related to the four links. One is the production of electricity, the other is the power transmission, the third is the power distribution, and the fourth is the use of electricity. From the special significance of electric power in modern society, the maintenance of electric power is especially crucial. In the power maintenance, the role of relay protection is more crucial, it is essential to drive the normal operation of power system. As a main protection method, the power system relay protection technology is helpful to improve the system operation efficiency. Therefore, it is of great significance and significance to explore the corresponding relay protection technology. In this paper, the current development of the relay protection technology is discussed in this paper. From the actual situation, its development mainly manifests in two aspects. First, China"s development of the relay protection technology is relatively late, but its development is extremely fast. Second, micro-relay has developed rapidly. In the normal operation of the power system, the three phases are symmetric, in theory zero sequence and negative sequence current are all values of zero. The short circuit fault is mostly asymmetrical, so the zero sequence and negative sequence current voltage will be very large. The difference between running faults and normal operation can be found through the asymmetry of faults. The difference is mainly reflected in the difference between zero and larger values. Therefore, zero sequence current protection is widely used in power grids with a voltage level of 110 volts and above.

For relay protection, the main is a failure during operation, as well as abnormal, able to quickly tripping command is used to remove the fault, reduce the damage caused due to the electrical device, and narrowing the scope of power, to ensure security and reliability of power system operation. Usually, there are three main types of failures. One is three-phase short circuit, the other is two phase short circuit, the third is single-phase grounding and so on. There are three main anomalies. One is overload, the other is overvoltage, and the third is low voltage.

Key words: relay protection; Zero sequence current protection; Zero sequence current

目录

1 绪论 III

1.1 继电保护的概念 III

1.2 继电保护的基本任务 III

1.3 继电保护装置的特性 III

1.4 电网零序保护 IV

1.5课题研究背景及意义 IV

1.6 本设计原始数据 1

1.7 本设计主要任务 1

1.8 本课题主要工作 1

1.9 保护的配置 2

2 零序保护整定计算 3

2.1 零序电流的获取 3

2.2 电网系统电路图以及短路时的序网图 3

2.3 电网零序Ⅰ段保护的整定 4

3.3.1 保护1、4的Ⅰ段(速断)保护整定 4

3.3.2 保护2Ⅰ段(速断)保护的整定 7

3.3.3 保护3Ⅰ段(速断)保护的整定 9

2.4 电网零序Ⅱ段保护的整定 12

2.4.1 保护1Ⅱ段整定计算 12

2.4.2 保护4Ⅱ段整定计算 13

2.4.3 保护2、3的Ⅱ段整定 14

2.5零序Ⅲ段的整定计算 14

2.5.1 保护3Ⅲ段的定值 14

3.5.2 保护1Ⅲ段的定值 14

2.5.3 保护2Ⅲ段的定值 15

2.5.4 保护4Ⅲ段的定值 15

2.6 零序保护方向元件 16

3 零序保护的评价 17

3.1零序保护的好处 17

3.2 零序保护的不足 17

4 结论 19

附录 21

参考文献 22

1 绪论

1.1 继电保护的概念

当系统发生故障时,确保系统可以选择性快速排除故障的设备称为继电保护设备。最初实现该功能的设备由继电器组合实现,因此称为继电保护设备。目前,继电器已被电子元件和电脑所取代,但这个名字仍然被使用。电力行业常用的继电保护是指由继电保护装置组成的机电保护技术或继电保护系统。

智能电网的变化改变了电能的传输系统。智能电网的性质与原始电网的不同之处在于前者采用了基于数字和信息的高科技系统,因此我们的继电保护必须遵守这个时代的发展原则加以改善。首先,数字化继电保护装置由于传感器功能的改进和传感器事故的可能性而降低了传感器的饱和度。如果电路接地或应该排除断路传感器的故障。而且,通过改进电力传输系统,改进了继电保护装置的功能。在未来的继电保护研究中,应重点关注功率继电器辅助设备的简化,充分发挥数字继电器的系统功能,提高继电保护能力。

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