基于地球坐标系捷联惯性导航系统算法设计

 2022-01-29 07:01

论文总字数:30851字

摘 要

本文在传统的基于地理坐标系的捷联惯导系统算法基础上,对基于地球坐标系的捷联惯导系统的解算算法进行设计和分析,并通过数字仿真方法对所设计的算法仿真结果与传统的基于地理坐标系捷联惯导算法进行比较,分析两种算法的不同和各自的优劣之处。

本文的涉及内容能够分为以下五个方面:

1.从惯性技术的原理开始,引出本课题的主要理论依据和技术研究方向;然后列举了利用此惯性技术出现的导航定位系统,包括本文研究的捷联惯性导航系统;然后浅谈了课题研究的现实意义、方法、平台以及两个坐标系的一些区别。

2.第二章从捷联惯导系统原理开始引入,然后较详细地分析并推导了整个捷联惯导系统的三个解算算法,对于姿态矩阵的更新方法一共列举了四种方法,特别是对本课题使用的四元数法做了详细的说明和推导。

3.然后论述本文选用的地球坐标系的算法,由于某些推导过程和上一章的地理坐标系基本相同或者区别不大,所以有些基础的推导过程比较简洁,主要把内容重点放在两个坐标系算法的不同之处。

4.规划理论路线,设定航行器初始导航信息,对两种算法分别进行仿真,分析比较两种不同坐标系下算法的仿真结果,验证我们推导的公式是否足够精确。

5.最后根据两个坐标系下捷联惯导系统解算算法的仿真结果,得出本文总的研究结论。

关键词:捷联式,惯性导航,解算算法,仿真,地球坐标系

STRAP-DOWN INERTIAL NAVIGATION SYSTEM ALGORITHM DESIGN BASED ON THE EARTH COORDINATE

Abstract

This paper design and analysis strap-down inertial navigation system algorithm based on the earth coordinate in the base of the traditional strap-down inertial navigation based on the geographic coordinate, and compare the designed algorithm simulation results with the traditional strap-down inertial navigation algorithm through digital simulation method. We will analysis of two different algorithms and their respective advantages and disadvantages.

The main research contents of this paper can be divided into the following aspects:

1. From the principle of inertial technology, leads to the subject of the main theoretical basis and technical research direction; then take some navigation and positioning system using the inertial technology for example , including the strap-down inertial navigation system;talk about some strap-down inertial navigation system of practical significance, the main research method, platform .

2. The second chapter introduced begin with the principle of the strap-down inertial navigation, then a detailed analysis and derivation to the three solution algorithm of the strap-down inertial navigation system.And a total of four methods are listed for the attitude matrix updating method , especially the Quaternary method used in this study is detailed description and derivation. The four methods have their own advantages and disadvantages.

3. And then discusses the earth coordinate system algorithm which is the choice in the paper, due to some derivation process doesn't make much of a difference with before chapter geographical coordinates,so some basis for the derivation process is relatively simple, mainly of the content focus on the differences between the two coordinate system algorithm.

4. Planning theory line, set sail for the initial navigation information, then the two algorithms were simulated respectively, and based simulation results to compare two different coordinate system, verification to the formula we derive is precise enough or not.

5. Finally, based on the two coordinate system of the algorithm simulation results, this paper concluded that the total research.

KEY WORDS: strap-down;inertial navigation; algorithm;simulation;earth coordinate system.

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 3

1.1 惯性技术相关原理和应用 3

1.1.1 惯性技术原理与发展 3

1.1.2 应用导航系统简介 3

1.2 捷联惯导国内外研究发展情况 3

1.2.1 国外发展状况 3

1.2.2 国内研究现状 4

1.3 选题的设计目的和意义 4

1.3.1 捷联惯导课题研究的意义 4

1.3.2 地球坐标系与地理坐标系前瞻 4

1.4 研究方法及主要工作 5

1.5 本章小结 5

第二章 地理坐标系下的捷联解算算法 6

2.1 捷联式惯导算法原理及概述 6

2.2 力学编排前的系统准备工作 6

2.3 导航坐标系下捷联惯导系统的机械编排 6

2.3.1 姿态矩阵算法 6

2.3.2 速度算法(比力方程) 12

2.3.3 位置计算 13

2.3.4 力学编排小结 14

2.4 本章小结 14

第三章 地球坐标系下的捷联解算算法 15

3.1 地理坐标系和地球坐标系的联系与区别 15

3.1.1 应用于捷联惯导系统的主要区别 15

3.1.2 两者之间的转换矩阵 15

3.2 地球坐标系下捷联惯性导航系统的力学编排 16

3.2.1 姿态解算算法 16

3.2.2 速度解算算法 16

3.2.3 位置解算算法 17

3.3 地球坐标系下力学编排小结 17

3.4 本章小结 17

第四章 捷联惯性导航系统的算法仿真设计 18

4.1 载体运动路线模型的建立 18

4.2 惯性传感器测量数据发生器 18

4.2.1 模拟陀螺仪数据发生器 18

4.2.2 模拟加速度计数据发生器 18

4.3 捷联惯导算法仿真解算 20

4.3.1 无惯性仪表误差仿真 23

4.3.2 加惯性仪表误差仿真 23

4.3.3 用MATLAB画仿真图形并分析结果 24

4.4 本章小结 30

第五章 结论 31

致 谢 32

参考文献(References) 33

第一章 绪论

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