公司债违约风险的实证研究

 2022-04-27 08:04

论文总字数:29606字

摘 要

债券市场可以将储蓄转化为投资,为债券的流动与定价奠定基础,为投资者提供多元化理财与投资产品,为实体企业提供融资渠道,是一种既灵活又安全的市场机制。

2015年股市大幅度震荡,大量避险资金涌入债券市场,推高市场整体杠杆水平。此后,监管层开始着手推进债券市场去杠杆、降风险。2016年以来债券违约等危机事件高密度爆发,监管层也更加强了对债市的关注。

本文的主要内容有三个部分,首先是我国债券市场的演变与发展和违约情况分析。主要从债券余额、存量规模、违约主体、评级预警、违约原因等维度简要阐述,对债券市场的演变与发展和债券违约的历史及现状形成较为清晰的认识。

接着,在实证方面选择学术界应用最广泛的KMV模型,采用MATLAB软件求解,从公司属性和行业分类两个方面比较所有样本公司的违约距离,数据分析结果表明KMV模型能够起到一定预警作用。本文画出散点图并尝试设置违约风险提示线,为今后违约风险预警机制的完善提供参考。

最后提出我国债券市场风险管理存在的问题及改进措施,主要从政策、技术、人才等角度考虑。

关键词:债券违约,KMV模型,违约距离,风险管理

ABSTRACT

The bond market can convert savings into investment, lay the foundation for the flow and pricing of bonds, provide investors with diversified wealth management and investment products, and provide financing channels for entities. It is a flexible and secure market mechanism.

In 2015, the stock market fluctuated sharply, and a large number of safe-haven funds poured into the bond market, pushing up the overall leverage level of the market. The regulatory authorities have begun to force the bond market to leverage and reduce risk since then. Since 2016, high-density crisis events such as bond defaults have exploded, and the regulatory authorities have also increased their focus on the bond market.

The main content of this paper has three parts. The first is the development of China's bond market and the analysis of default. It mainly elaborates on the dimensions of bond balance, stock size, default subject, rating warning, and reasons for default. It can help readers develop a clearer understanding of the evolution and development of the bond market and the history and current status of bond default.

Then, in the empirical aspect, the most widely used KMV model in academic circles is chosen, and the MATLAB software is used to solve the model. Sample companies’ default distances are compared from the dimensions of company attributes and industry classification. The results show that the KMV model has a warning function. This paper attempts to draw a scatter plot and set a default risk warning line to provide reference for the improvement of the early warning mechanism for default risk.

Finally, the problems and improvement measures of risk management in China's bond market are put forward, mainly from the perspectives of policy, technology and talents.

KEY WORDS: Bond default, KMV model, default distance, risk management

目 录

摘 要 I

ABSTRACT II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 研究背景及意义 1

1.2 国内外研究现状 2

1.3 研究框架 4

1.4 研究方法 4

1.5 本文的创新点 5

第二章 我国债券市场与违约情况分析 6

2.1 我国债券市场的演变与发展 6

2.2 债券违约情况分析 7

第三章 基于KMV模型的实证研究 10

3.1 KMV模型介绍 10

3.1.1 模型基本思想 10

3.1.2 模型基本假设 10

3.1.3 模型计算过程 10

3.1.4 KMV模型的优点 11

3.1.5 KMV模型的缺点 11

3.2 样本选取及数据来源 12

3.3 模型内部参数设定 13

3.4 违约组实证过程与结果 14

3.5 基于2015-2017年数据的2007家上市公司违约距离分析 16

3.5.1 按照公司属性分类 16

3.5.2 按照行业属性分类 17

3.6 KMV模型适用性的进一步研究 19

3.7 散点图及违约风险提示线设置 20

3.7.1 散点图 20

3.7.2 违约风险提示线 21

第四章 我国债券市场风险管理存在的问题及改进措施 23

4.1 存在的问题 23

4.2 改进措施 23

第五章 总结 25

5.1 本文的结论 25

5.2 本文的不足和展望 26

参考文献 27

附录 29

致 谢 31

第一章 绪论

1.1 研究背景及意义

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