上市公司信息披露质量与财务绩效相关性研究

 2023-02-07 08:02

论文总字数:26723字

摘 要

随着创业板在深圳证券交易所正式上市以来,其在中国资本市场中地位越来越高,创业板企业的信息披露问题也不断引发人们的关注。中国证券市场,仍旧处在发展阶段,相比较发达国家,会计披露质量仍旧不高,存在大量的会计信息滞后或虚假等问题。本文基于创业板会计信息披露质量,探讨企业的发展状况,以研究创业板上市公司的信息披露质量与企业绩效的相关性。

本文先通过文献研究法,对会计信息披露质量影响上市公司绩效的理论基础进行回顾和分析,同时在理论的基础上,选择不同的财务指标来综合评价企业的财务绩效,使用SPSS软件中的因子分析法来计算出上市企业的综合财务绩效得分。首先通过对相关理论的研究,分析创业板上市公司信息披露质量与绩效的相关性,提出合理的理论假设。然后在实证分析阶段,本文选择2014年至2016年在深圳证券交易所创业板上市的35家企业为样本,对财务信息进行描述性统计分析和相关性分析,按照构建的数据模型计算出综合绩效得分,以此来证明会计信息披露质量对创业板上市企业绩效的影响性。

通过实证研究,可以看出创业板上市企业的会计信息披露质量与企业综合绩效之间是存在着显著的正相关性的。企业通过及时、充分、完整地披露相关会计信息,不但可以降低企业的代理成本、披露成本,还有利于企业吸引投资者筹集资金,进而提高公司的综合绩效。虽然我国证券市场已经建立会计信息披露考核机制,但仍旧不规范,投资者对于会计信息利用率不高,企业也没有对于完善信息披露质量重要性的认识。通过这一研究,希望可以鼓励我国政府进一步地完善有关创业板企业会计信息披露的相关法律制度与规范,构建完整、规范的信息披露评级等级制度,各监管部门加强对创业板企业会计信息披露的监管体系,真正做到会计信息公开和公正,促进我国证券市场健康发展。

关键词:信息披露质量;公司绩效;相关性

Research on the Correlation between the Quality of Information Disclosure and the Performance of the Listed Companies

Abstract

Since the GEM listed on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange, it has become more and more important in China"s capital market and the issue of GEM information disclosure has also caused continuous concern. China"s securities market is still in its development stage. Compared with the developed countries, the quality of accounting disclosure is still not high, and there are a lot of problems such as lagging or fake accounting information. Based on the disclosure quality of the accounting information on GEM, this paper discusses the development status of the company in order to study the correlation between the information disclosure quality of listed companies on GEM and corporate performance.

This article first uses the literature research method to review and analyze the theoretical basis of the accounting information disclosure affecting the performance of listed companies, select different financial indicators to comprehensively evaluate the financial performance of the company, then use the analytical method to calculate comprehensive financial performance score. Through the study of relevant theories, the relevance of information disclosure quality and performance is analyzed and reasonable theoretical assumptions are put forward. Then in the empirical analysis stage, this paper selects 35 companies as samples. Descriptive statistical analysis and correlation analysis of financial information and calculate the comprehensive performance score to prove the impact of the quality of accounting information disclosure on the performance of the GEM listed companies

Through empirical research, it can be seen that there is a significant positive correlation. The company disclosing relevant accounting information in a timely, full and complete manner can not only reduce agency costs and disclose costs, but also help enterprises to attract investors to raise funds to enhance their overall performance. Although China"s securities market has established accounting information disclosure mechanism, it is still not standardized. Enterprises do not have any understanding of the importance of improving the quality of information disclosure. Through this research, I hope to encourage our government to further improve the relevant laws and regulations on the disclosure of accounting information, establish a complete and standardized rating hierarchy of information disclosure, and strengthen the supervision system of the accounting information disclosure so as to truly ensure the openness and fairness of accounting information and promote the healthy development of China"s securities market.

Keywords: Information disclosure quality; Corporate performance; Correlation

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪 论 1

1.1 选题背景 1

1.2 研究目的与意义 1

1.3研究方法与框架 1

第二章 基础理论与相关概念 3

2.1信息披露的概念 3

2.2信息披露理论基础 3

2.2.1 有效市场假说理论 3

2.2.2 委托代理理论 3

2.2.3 信息不对称理论 4

2.3 会计信息披露质量评价标准 4

2.4 财务绩效的概念 5

第三章 样本选择及概念模型的构建 6

3.1 假设建立 6

3.2 样本选择及数据来源 6

3.3 变量设计与解释 6

3.3.1 解释变量选取与解释 6

3.3.2 被解释变量选取与解释 6

3.3.3 控制变量选取与解释 7

3.4 模型构建 7

第四章 实证分析 9

4.1 财务绩效综合得分 9

4.1.1 数据描述性统计 9

4.1.2 因子分析相关性和适合度检验 9

4.1.3 提取公共因子 10

4.1.4 公共因子的命名及解释 12

4.1.5 求解因子得分 12

4.2 会计披露质量与公司综合财务绩效相关性 13

4.2.1 描述性统计分析 13

4.2.2 验证自变量与应变量相关性 14

4.2.3 评价回归模型优劣 14

4.2.4 回归模型解读 15

第五章 研究结论及建议 16

5.1 上市企业会计信息披露质量与绩效相关性的研究结论 16

5.2 政策建议 16

致 谢 17

参考文献(References) 18

附录一、创业板企业综合财务绩效 19

第一章 绪 论

1.1 选题背景

我国创业板自启动以来,在创业板挂牌上市的企业不断增多,创业板在中国证券市场、资本市场中的作用越来越大。各个监督机构虽然在不断要求企业提高会计信息披露的力度,但仍存在着信息披露不充分或虚假的事实。会计披露质量一直是决定公司经营绩效的重要因素,我国的证券市场仍处在发展阶段,无法同发达地区相比较,尚未形成规范、严格的会计信息披露制度。普华永道和Kurtzman公司都曾选取不同国家(地区),考察其会计披露质量,中国的会计披露透明度均列于最低水平。会计披露不真实、不及时的状况,频繁爆出的企业财务报表丑闻,这不仅损害了投资者的利益,还磨灭了投资者对证券市场的信任及热情。由于会计披露不充分,投资者无法正确认识企业的经营现状、财务状况,经营良好的企业无法取得融资,导致资本市场资源分配不公。

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