3D打印混凝土外观质量提升技术研究

论文总字数：33809字

摘 要

3D打印混凝土技术具有可摆脱模具限制，打印复杂结构，实现建筑个性化定制，同时降低复杂建筑结构的建造成本等诸多优点。打印质量是确保3D打印混凝土发挥优势的基础，目前3D打印混凝土技术仍处于起步阶段，特别是外观质量存在许多问题。

本文在系统分析导致3D打印混凝土外观质量不佳原因的基础上，提出影响3D打印混凝土触变性的关键因素。选取具有合适触变性的3D打印混凝土进行了外观质量分析并尝试建立触变性与外观质量的关系。

为了定量表征3D打印混凝土的外观质量，本文参考了混凝土外观质量一般评价方法并结合了3D打印混凝土的技术特征，采用裂缝，色差，孔洞以及尺寸精度四个指标并通过对这四个指标进行科学赋权的方法来评价3D打印混凝土的外观质量，本文所建立的3D打印混凝土外观质量评价体系更加科学，客观。

此外，本文提出了一种初步设想，采用工艺方法来提升3D打印混凝土外观质量，其核心思路是通过在3D打印混凝土中添加具有磁性的固体材料，在外加交变磁场作用下实现内部扰动，从而实现通过工艺方法来改善3D打印混凝土的触变性，进而提升3D打印混凝土的外观质量的技术路线。本文对该工艺方法进行了初步论证，表明该工艺方法具有初步技术可行性。

关键词：3D打印混凝土，触变性，外观质量，交变磁场

ABSTRACT

3D printing concrete technology has many advantages such as getting rid of mold restrictions, printing complex structures, realizing individualized building customization, and reducing the construction cost of complex building structures. Print quality is the extrusion that ensures the advantages of 3D printed concrete. At present, 3D printing concrete technology is still in its infancy, especially the appearance quality has many problems.

Based on the systematic analysis of the reasons for the poor appearance quality of 3D printed concrete, this paper proposes the key factors affecting the thixotropy of 3D printed concrete. Appropriate thixotropy 3D printed concrete was selected for appearance quality analysis and attempts were made to establish the relationship between thixotropy and appearance quality.

In order to quantitatively characterize the appearance quality of 3D printed concrete, this paper refers to the general evaluation method of concrete appearance quality and combines the technical characteristics of 3D printed concrete. It adopts four indicators of crack, chromatic aberration, hole and dimensional accuracy and carries out scientific research on these four indicators. The method of empowerment evaluates the appearance quality of 3D printed concrete. The appearance quality evaluation system for 3D printed concrete is more scientific and objective.

In addition, this paper proposes a preliminary idea to adopt the process method to improve the appearance quality of 3D printed concrete. The core idea is to realize the internal disturbance under the action of external alternating magnetic field by adding magnetic material with solid material in 3D printed concrete. A technical route to improve the thixotropy of 3D printed concrete through process methods, thereby improving the appearance quality of 3D printed concrete. This paper gives a preliminary demonstration of the process., indicating that the process has preliminary technical feasibility.

KEY WORDS: 3D printed concrete, Mix ratio, thixotropy, appearance quality, steel fiber, changing magnetic field

目 录

摘要 Ⅰ

ABSTRACT Ⅱ

第一章 绪论 1

1.1研究背景 1

1.2研究现状及存在的主要问题 1

1.3造成3D打印混凝土外观质量不佳的成因分析 3

1.4提升3D打印混凝土外观质量的主要技术手段 4

1.5本文主要研究目的与任务 5

第二章 原材料与实验方案 6

2.1 实验方案的设计与研究思想 6

2.2 触变性实验 7

2.3 3D打印混凝土外观质量评价体系构建 10

2.4外观质量评价实验 13

第三章 影响触变性的关键因素研究 15

3.1砂浆屈服应力的影响因素 15

3.2砂浆屈服应力与净浆屈服应力的对应关系 15

3.3砂浆屈服应力与骨料用量的对应关系 18

3.4屈服应力与可打印性之间的关系 21

第四章 外观质量与触变性之间的关系研究 22

4.1 3D打印混凝土外观质量评价过程演示 22

4.2 3D打印混凝土外观质量评价与触变性的关系分析 25

4.3 3D打印混凝土外观质量评价体系误差分析 30

4.4 关于改良外观质量各指标权重的思考 31

第五章 改善外观质量的工艺方法措施初探 33

5.1改善外观质量的工艺措施的理论依据 33

5.2工艺方法提出与尝试 34

5.3工艺方法优缺点分析 35

5.4工艺方法技术要点 36

第六章 结论与展望 38

6.1结论 38

6.2前景展望 39

参考文献 40

致 谢 42

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