风电的波动成本计算及应用

 2022-02-22 07:02

论文总字数:26374字

摘 要

风电因为具有波动性,反调峰等因素,所以风电并网将会给常规的电源带来一些额外的成本,随着风电渗透率的提高,风电波动成本变得很客观,因此很有必要去计算出波动成本,并且对风电品质进行区分,即品质分段。针对上述分析,本文主要研究工作及内容如下:

1:分析风电波动成本的计算方法。风电波动成本计算思路如下:利用“等电量-顺负荷”方法来构造一个无风电波动成本的系统场景,将风电出力等电量转换为一条顺负荷曲线;其次,基于优化调度模型,分别求解有、无风电波动成本场景下系统运行总成本,两种场景下成本之差即为风电波动成本。

2:为了可以很好的对风电波动成本做一个评估,从而实现对风电有效接纳。根据不同波动程度下风电系统成本的不同,即风电价值的不同,以及大规模风电出力特点,参考电力市场分段竞价理念,研究了风电按品质分段的方法。首先,以在某一确定风电价值下最大消纳风电为原则,建立了风电按品质分段的优化模型,并利用CPLEX以及粒子群算法对不同分段曲线的模型进行求解。以风电的波动成本为依据,将风电出力曲线从水平方向上进行分段,区分成两段的品质。

关键词:风电波动成本,等电量-顺负荷,优化调度模型,风电价值,粒子群算法,品质分段

Wind Power Volatility Costing and Its Application

Abstract

Because Wind power have their own factors of volatility and anti-peaking, so wind power will bring some additional costs to conventional power. With the increase of wind power penetration, the cost of wind power fluctuations becomes more objective. Therefore it is necessary to calculate the fluctuations cost and make a distinction of wind power quality, namely quality segment.

First, Analysis calculated cost of wind power fluctuations. Wind power fluctuations costing ideas are as follows: use "equal power-obey load" method to construct a non-wind power fluctuations in the cost of the system scene, the wind power and other power is converted to a smooth load curve; secondly, based on optimal scheduling models were solved there, no electricity costs fluctuate wind scenario the total cost of running the system, the difference between both scenarios is the cost of the cost of wind power fluctuations.

Second, In order to better assess the quality of wind power, so to achieve effective acceptance of wind power. Depending on the different levels of volatility of wind power system costs, that is, different values of wind power, as well as large-scale wind power output features. Referenceing Block Bidding Power Market concept, we have studied the wind power segment by quality approach. First, at a defined maximum value of wind power consumptive wind power principle, the establishment of wind power segment according to the quality optimization model and using CPLEX and PSO model to solve different segments of the curve. Fluctuations in the cost of wind power is based on the wind power output curve segments from the horizontal direction, the area is divided into two sections of quality.

KEYWORDS: Wind Power Fluctuations Cost, equal power-obey load Optimal Scheduling Model, Wind Value, Particle Swarm Optimization, Break quality.

目录

摘要 I

Abstract II

第1章 绪论 1

1.1 项目背景及意义 1

1.1.1 世界各国风电发展情况 1

1.1.2 风电基本特性 4

1.1.3 风电波动对电力系统的影响 4

1.2 风电波动成本研究现状 5

1.2.1 风电分段研究现状 6

1.3 本文主要工作及安排 7

第2章 风电波动成本计算方法 8

2.1 风电波动成本概括 8

2.1.1 风电波动成本计算方法思路 8

2.1.2 经济优化调度模型 11

2.2 风电波动成本计算策略 12

2.3 风电集群的波动成本算例 13

2.4 本章小结 15

第3章 基于风电波动成本的品质区分 16

3.1 背景 16

3.2 风电品质区分(分段)思路 16

3.3 风电品质区分优化模型 18

3.3.1 稳定段的求解模型及策略 18

3.3.2 经济段的求解模型及策略 18

3.4 粒子群算法 19

3.4.1 基本原理 19

3.4.2 参数设置 20

3.4.3 约束条件设置 21

3.4.4 算法步骤 21

3.5 风电品质区分算列分析 22

3.6 本章小结 22

第4章 总结与展望 24

4.1 总结 24

4.2 进一步展望 25

参考文献 26

致谢 29

绪论

项目背景及意义

世界各国风电发展情况

由于全球资源日益短缺,世界各国都越来越注重清洁可再生能源的发展。众所周知,风能取之不竭,用之不尽。 随着化石燃料资源竞争的日益激烈,公众的环保意识的加强,可再生能源受到了越来越多的重视。风电作为一种可大范畴开发利用的可再生干净能源,在全世界都有很大认同感。世界各国都纷纷出台各项优惠政策,如可再生能源义务、差价合同等,大力支持风电发展。与传统能源相比,风力发电是一种取之不尽的新型发电方法。从经济性方面来看,常规火电机组的发电成本受一次能源价格的影响,随着化石燃料日益耗尽,其发电成本必将会增加,相反随着技术的进步风力发电投资成本却不断降低。因此,风力发电有望成为竞争力较强的可再生能源发电方式。

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