超精细粉体属性对不同定量分装装置的准确性和稳定性影响研究

 2022-06-21 11:06

论文总字数:21597字

摘 要

近年来吸入药物逐渐成为主流的治疗方式,我国在该领域还处于初始阶段,本文作为其重要配药装置的干粉吸入装置进行了研究。首先通过建立相似模型,进行干粉吸入剂(dry powder inhalers,DPI)的药粉分量过程的实验,了解药粉质量中值直径(d50),分量盘孔径,分量盘孔数对分量结果与分量精度的影响。通过实验数据的整理总结了DPI装置分量的普遍规律,对于如何控制粉末的每次分量质量和提高分量精度有了更深认识。也对一些DPI中药粉性质相关规律进行了验证,主要有:1)不考虑流动性,在细乳糖和粗乳糖区各产生一个峰,则粗乳糖与细乳糖均有各自得到最大单孔乳糖量对应的d50,且细乳糖的峰值小于粗乳糖;2)验证了d50小于40um的细乳糖流动性差不适用与该类装置作为医药用途,或者需要添加添加剂以强化其流动性;3)分量盘的孔数对不同颗粒大小的乳糖的分量情况不同,单孔分量乳糖量的峰值与分量盘的孔数成反比。多孔分量盘的每孔分量乳糖量峰的曲率与分量盘的孔数成反比,即针对特定需求剂量的乳糖分量,在分量盘孔径相同时,每次分量质量越大所则需选择孔数越少的分量盘而其所适应的乳糖颗粒范围也越小;4)对于某一孔径的分量盘,有最合适的乳糖颗粒大小,在这个值时分量出的乳糖量最多;5)在分量精度方面,分量盘孔径越小,单孔标准偏差峰值所在弧曲率越小,即容易找到一个单孔标准偏差较小对应的d50;6)在分量中可能出现药粉密实状态的改变,对分量精度会造成影响。国内DPI分量方面的研究还很不足,本文就DPI中分量盘对分量影响进行了研究,希望能对该领域研究有所帮助。

关键词:精确分量,干粉吸入装置,仿真模拟

Abstract

Inhaled drugs have gradually become the mainstream treatment method in recent years, and China is still in the initial stage in this field. This article has conducted research as a dry powder inhalation device for its important dispensing device.Firstly, by establishing a similar model, the dry powder inhalers (DPI) powder component process experiments were conducted to understand the effects of the median mass diameter (d50) of the powder, the diameter of the component disk, and the number of component holes on the component results and component accuracy. . The general rules of the DPI device components are summarized through the compilation of experimental data, and a deeper understanding of how to control the quality of each component of the powder and improve the component accuracy is gained. We also verified the related laws of the properties of some DPI Chinese medicinal powders, mainly as follows: 1) Regardless of fluidity, a peak occurs in both the fine lactose and the crude lactose areas, then both the crude lactose and the fine lactose have their maximum single-hole lactose content. The corresponding d50, and the peak of fine lactose is smaller than the crude lactose. 2) It was verified that the fine lactose with a d50 of less than 40 μm is not suitable for flowability and this type of device is used as a medical application, or an additive is required to enhance its fluidity. 3) The number of holes in the component tray differs for different particle sizes of lactose; the peak value of the single-hole component of lactose is inversely proportional to the number of holes in the pan; the curvature of the peak volume of the lactose volume in the perforated component of the perforated disc and the component disc The number of holes is inversely proportional to the lactose content for a specific demand dose. When the component tray has the same hole diameter, the larger the weight of each component, the smaller the number of holes and the smaller the range of lactose particles to be used. 4)For a certain aperture of the component plate, there is the most suitable lactose particle size, at this value when the component of the maximum amount of lactose;5) in terms of component accuracy, the smaller the diameter of the component disk, the single hole standard deviation peak arc curvature is smaller, ie It is easy to find a d50 with a small standard deviation of a single hole. 6)Changes in the compaction state of the powder may occur in the components, which may affect the accuracy of the components. The research on the domestic DPI component is still insufficient. This paper studies the impact of component weight on DPI and hopes to help the research in this field.

Key words: precise merting, dry powder inhaler, numerical simulation

目录

摘要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1研究背景 1

1.2研究现状 2

1.3本文的研究目的和主要研究内容 4

第二章 实验模型及设置 5

2.1实验材料的选定 5

2.2实验原理 6

2.3实验方法 6

2.3.1简易装置 6

2.3.2储藏单剂量型DPI装置 7

2.3.3 实验步骤 8

第三章 实验结果及分析 9

3.1实验结果 9

3.1.1实验1结果汇总 9

3.1.2实验2结果 11

3.1.3实验3结果 11

3.2实验分析 13

3.2.1用压入的办法通过3种孔数不同孔径相同的分量盘进行分量 13

3.2.2用刮入的办法通过3种孔数不同孔径相同的分量盘进行分量 13

3.2.3 用实际吸入装置(两种不同孔径的分量盘)对乳糖进行分量 15

3.2.4 对分量精度的结果与分析 15

第四章 仿真模拟 18

4.1.模拟软件DEMS介绍 18

4.2.操作方法 19

4.3模拟结果 24

4.3.1 改变分量盘的孔数 24

4.3.2 改变定量盘与乳糖的摩擦系数 25

4.3.3 定量盘与底盘平移速度 25

4.3.4 改变分量盘与底部挡板的摩擦系数 27

4.3.5 改变储药池乳糖量 27

4.4 小结 28

第五章 全文总结 29

致 谢 30

参考文献 31

第一章 绪论

1.1研究背景

由于具有大再吸收面积和无肝脏首过效应的优势,肺给药途径在药物输送系统的研究和开发中受到广泛关注,在医疗方面也扩展到应用于其他疾病。为了使药物作用于肺部,首先得经过特定装置结构分散,雾化。目前主要有两种装置用于递送药物,包括NBI和DPIs。

在呼吸系统疾病中,慢性支气管炎哮喘等疾病,发病周期长,难于根治,慢性病治疗周期极长。传统剂型起效慢,且不便服用。虽然早期的压力定量气雾剂和雾化吸入剂可以解决该困难,可是使用这些试剂将产生破坏臭氧层的氟里昂,造成心律不齐[1]。此外,压力定量气雾剂是不适合大剂量的给药,不适合一些需要大量给药的药物。干粉吸入器能够解决这个难题。干粉吸入给药被大量患者接受用于治疗呼吸系统疾病,现在是多肽蛋白药物给药的新途径。最近,肺部药物吸收机制的相关研究和不断提高的干粉吸入器设计技术,使得更多类型的药物被制成干粉吸入剂[2]。其出色的优点:给药不通过胃肠药物不会被肠道酶解;无肝脏首过效应;肺泡吸收区域更大,且其单层上皮细胞能快速吸收药物,使之进入到体循环中,使得效果发挥更快[3];与此同时,药物作为干燥的粉末,难溶的问题得以解决,也能够维持药物的良好的稳定性[4]。干粉吸入器,采用了一个专门的药物输送装置和独特的微粉化技术,由于其易用性和便携性逐渐在市场上站稳脚跟。

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