考虑微电源控制策略的潮流分析研究

 2022-03-06 08:03

论文总字数:28446字

摘 要

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1研究背景及意义 1

1.2微电网潮流计算概述 2

1.2.1 微电网潮流与常规潮流的区别 2

1.2.2 目前适用于微电网的几种潮流算法 2

1.3本文的主要工作 3

第二章 微电源控制方法及微电网控制策略 4

2.1 微电源控制方法 4

2.1.1 恒功率控制(PQ控制) 4

2.1.2 恒压恒频控制 5

2.1.3下垂控制 6

2.2 微电网控制策略 6

2.2.1 主从控制策略 7

2.2.2 对等控制策略 7

2.3 孤岛运行时的DG下垂控制 7

2.4 本章小结 9

第三章 牛顿拉夫逊法推导 10

3.1 考虑电压和频率静特性负荷模型 10

3.2 微电网中的节点功率方程组 11

3.2.1 孤岛微电网节点功率方程组 11

3.2.2并网微电网节点功率方程组 13

3.3 牛顿拉夫逊法算法基本流程 14

3.4 本章小结 17

第四章 潮流算法算例分析 18

4.1 常规潮流算法算例验证 18

4.2 并网状态下的微电网潮流算例分析 22

4.3 孤岛状态下的微电网潮流算法部分的测试 25

4.4 孤岛状态下微电网潮流 27

4.5 本章小结 28

第五章 总结和展望 30

致谢 31

参考文献: 32

摘要

学号16012626 学生姓名 张雄义

指导教师 张炎平

摘要正文:随着社会经济的不断发展与壮大,消耗的电量也不断增加,加之一次能源逐渐枯竭,暴露了传统的集中式发电的弊端。近些年提出的分布式发电(DG),充分利用了各种新能源,同时也给系统潮流分析带来了比较棘手的问题。首先,分布式发电装置的网络节点模型很复杂,有的不能简单地等效为传统电网中的PV、PQ节点;其次,处于对等控制策略下的孤岛微电网中没有平衡节点,故适用于传统电网的各种潮流算法在一定程度上不再适用于微电网。微电网中的电源多是微电源,一般指燃料电池、微型燃气轮机、光伏电池等小型发电设施,其控制方法各种各样,因此也给潮流运算带来了一定的难度。本文首先针对于微电网介绍了两种微电网控制策略,即主从控制策略和分散控制策略,同时针对于其中的微电源,介绍了三种控制方法;其次对孤岛微电网中的节点特性进行分析和建模,将其等效为PQ、PV以及下垂三类节点;最后,推导微电网中一系列不平衡方程,以及新的雅克比矩阵,采用改进后的牛顿拉夫逊法计算微电网的潮流。在此基础上编写matlab程序,该程序既能适用于传统的电网系统,也能适用于处于孤岛和并网两种模式的微电网。为了验证潮流算法以及潮流程序的可靠性,本文首先采用美国标准IEEE14节点系统对算法进行验证,潮流结果与理论一致,表明了该算法的传统潮流算法部分的正确性;然后,针对于微电网的各种情况,用不同的节点系统对算法进行验证,对其潮流结果进行分析,进而表明算法在微电网中的可靠性,并与传统电网进行比较,分析微电网的特征。

关键词:分布式发电;微电源;微电网;潮流算法

Abstract

Abstract:With the continuous development and growth of social economy, the consumption of electricity is also increasing, coupled with a gradual depletion of energy, the drawbacks of the traditional centralized power generation is exposed . The distributed generation (DG) proposed in recent years takes advantage of new energy sources but also brings more difficult problems. First, the grid node model of distributed power generation device is very complex, some of which can not simply be equivalent to traditional grid PV, PQ nodes; secondly, due to the complexities of the micro grid node types ,so the power flow algorithm, which is suitable for traditional power grid, may be no longer suitable for micro grid in a certain extent .First, as for micro grid of distributed generator (DG), this paper introduced two kinds of control strategy, i.e., the master-slave control strategy and decentralized control strategy; secondly, analysing and modeling the micro grid nodes, the equivalent for three types of nodes of PQ, PV and droop; finally, derive the micro electric network in a series of unbalanced equation, and a new Jacobian matrix by the improved Newton Raphson micro power flow calculation. On this basis, the preparation of MATLAB program, the program can not only be applied to the traditional grid system, but also can be applied to the two modes of micro grid, i.e., the island and grid connected .In order to verify the power flow algorithm and the power flow of the program reliability, this paper uses American Standard IEEE14 bus system verify the algorithm, and power flow results agree with the theory, indicating that the correctness of the algorithm of traditional power flow algorithm; then, for micro grid in a variety of circumstances, this paper uses different systems verified the power flow algorithm. The results of power flow were analyzed, which showed that the algorithm in the reliability of micro grid, and compared to the traditional grid , it analyses the characteristics of micro grid.

Key words: distributed generation; micro source;micro grid; power flow algorithm

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