电压骤降检测策略的研究

 2022-02-06 07:02

论文总字数:25576字

摘 要

16012616 黄博然

指导教师 洪芦诚

随着时代的进步和电力电子技术的发展,大量敏感性负载被普遍使用,对电能质量的要求也越来越严格。为了处理和改善电能质量的问题,首先需要对这些问题进行检测,而电压骤降问题就是电能质量问题中的一种。因此,电压骤降的检测是十分重要的,本文将对电压骤降的检测方法加以研究。

本文首先介绍了电压骤降的定义、产生的原因和其影响。之后分析了目前国内外对电压骤降检测策略的研究现状,列举了目前已提出的电压骤降检测方法,分析了各方法的特点和使用范围。接着着重研究了基于坐标变换的电压骤降检测方法,包括了dq变换法和αβ变换法,分三相和单相两种情况讨论。构建了基于PSCAD的电压骤降模型,利用上述的检测方法对模拟的电压骤降情况加以仿真,在含有相位跳变、谐波和频率偏移情况下做了多组仿真,对仿真结果加以对比总结。分析了六种电压检测方法的检测时间、优缺点和适用范围。总结并分析了误差和干扰产生的原因,提出了解决方法和建议。

仿真结果表明,改进的单相两点法和基于微分法分离正负序电压的αβ变换方法能够满足检测的要求,响应时间很短,适用范围较广,同时具有时效性和准确性。三相的电压骤降检测方法相较于单相的电压检测方法在处理含有谐波的场合更具有准确性,且延时时间更低。

关键词:电压骤降;检测方法;αβ变换;dq变换;单相;三相

Abstract

With the development of society and advancement of power electronics technology, a large number of sensitive loads in use, power quality requirements are increasing. In order to solve power quality problems, we first need to detect these problems. One of these problems is the voltage sag problem. Thus, the voltage sag detection is very important. This thesis will explore detection methods of voltage sag.

Firstly, this thesis introduces the definition, causes and impact of voltage sag. Then it analyzes the research of voltage sag detection methods at home and abroad, lists the voltage sag detection methods have been proposed, and analyzes the characteristics of each method. This thesis also do research on the voltage sag detection method based on coordinate transformation, which includes the dq transformation and αβ transformation, three-phase and single-phase. Using the above-mentioned detection methods, the voltage sag model has been constructed with phase transition, harmonics and frequency offsets. Then, the thesis analyzes the detection time, the advantages and disadvantages and scope of application of six detection methods. Finally, the thesis summarizes and analyzes the causes of errors and interference, and proposes solutions and recommendations.

The simulation results show that the improved single-phase two-point detection method and the αβ transform method based on differential separation of positive and negative sequence voltage can meet the testing requirements. These methods have short response time with wide scope of application, timeliness and accuracy. Compared with the single-phase voltage detection, three-phase voltage sag detection method appears to be more accurate, and less delay in the case of harmonic containing situation.

Key Words:voltage sag; detection method; αβ transformation; dq transformation; single phase; three Phase

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 引言 1

1.2 电网的电压骤降及其影响 1

1.2.1 电压骤降的定义和产生的原因 1

1.2.2 电压骤降的影响 2

1.3 国内外研究现状 3

1.4 本论文的主要工作 4

第二章 电压骤降检测方法 5

2.1 电压骤降检测方法综述 5

2.2 dq变换法 5

2.2.1 常规dq变换法 6

2.2.2 无延时的改进dq变换法 7

2.3 αβ变换法 8

2.3.1 常规αβ变换法 8

2.3.2 改进αβ变换法 9

2.3.3 改进的单相两点跌落电压检测法 10

2.3.4 基于微分法分离正负序电压的αβ变换方法 11

第三章 仿真分析 14

3.1 电压骤降仿真模型的构建 14

3.2 基于dq变换法的电压骤降检测仿真 15

3.2.1 不考虑正负序分离的三相电压骤降检测 15

3.2.2 单相电压骤降检测 16

3.3 基于αβ变换法的电压骤降检测仿真 18

3.3.1 单相αβ变换法仿真分析 19

3.3.2 分离正负序的三相电压骤降检测 22

3.4 总结 24

第四章 结论与展望 26

致 谢 27

参考文献(References) 28

附录1 电压骤降发生器代码 30

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