含DG的配电网的无功电压优化控制研究

论文总字数：22537字

摘 要

随着能源危机加剧以及环境的不断恶化，分布式电源（DG）因其具有清洁和可再生等优点，已经大量接入电网。DG接入电网后，其好处是将给系统提供的补偿和支持，但是也改变了单向网络潮流，对系统中的电压和网络损耗造成很大的影响。故，配电网络的无功优化是配电网络的优化运行的重要组成部分。

本文使用电力系统系统潮流计算的方法，先设计针对不同DG节点类型的处理方法。DG并网后，运用MATLAB潮流计算程序，使用牛顿-拉夫逊法对电压和网络损失进行计算，根据DG的输出不同和DG接入位置的变化，对网络中有无DG接入的情况下电压和网络损耗进行了分析。最后,归纳总结DG并网对系统电压和网损的影响。

本文接下来优化无功算法，使用粒子群算法(PSO)。首先，了解什么是粒子群算法，该算法的使用，参数的设定等。之后，建立含DG的配电网的无功优化的数学模型，以网络损耗最小化作为目标函数，对节点电压，无功功率补偿容量和DG输出进行约束。

最后，本文设置14节点配电系统接入DG，对其运用以DG输出对网络的影响为变量的粒子群算法进行无功优化，检验该算法能提高DG并网配电网系统的电压质量、减少系统中网损。

关键词：分布式电源；无功优化；牛顿-拉夫逊算法；粒子群算法。

Abstract

With the aggravation of the energy crisis and the continuous deterioration of the environment, distributed power supply (DG) has been connected to the power grid in large quantities due to its advantages of cleanness and renewable. When connected to the power grid, DG has the advantage of providing compensation and support to the system, but it also changes the one-way network power flow, which has a great impact on the voltage and network loss in the system. Therefore, reactive power optimization of distribution network is an important part of optimal operation of distribution network.

In this paper, the power flow calculation method of power system is used. After the DG is connected to the network, the power flow calculation program MATLAB is used to calculate the voltage and network loss using newton-rapson method. According to the different output of DG and the change of the access position of DG, the voltage and network loss in the case of DG access in the network are analyzed. Finally, the effects of DG grid-connection on system voltage and network loss are summarized.

In this paper, the reactive power algorithm is optimized using particle swarm optimization (PSO). First, understand what is the particle swarm optimization algorithm, the use of the algorithm, parameter Settings. After that, the mathematical model of reactive power optimization of distribution network with DG is established, and the objective function of network loss minimization is used to constrain node voltage, reactive power compensation capacity and DG output.

Finally, this paper sets the 14-node distribution system to be connected to DG, and applies the particle swarm optimization algorithm with the influence of DG output on the network as the variable to carry out reactive power optimization, and tests that this algorithm can improve the voltage quality of the DG grid-connected distribution system and reduce the network loss in the system.

Key words: Distributed power；Reactive power optimization；Newton-Ralph algorithm；.Particle swarm algorithm.

目录

摘要 Ⅰ

Abstract Ⅱ

第一章 绪论 1

1.1研究背景 1

1.2研究意义 1

1.3研究现状 1

1.4无功优化算法 1

1.5主要工作 2

第二章 DG并网对配电网的影响 3

2.1 引言 3

2.1含DG配电网潮流计算 3

2.2 DG并网后配电网电压的影响 7

2.3 DG并网后配电网网损的变化 12

第三章 基于PSO算法的含DG配电网无功优化 18

3.1引言 18

3.2标准粒子群算法PSO 18

3.3建立含DG配电网无功优化数学模型 20

第四章 算例仿真与结果分析 22

4.1 引言 22

4.2 DG恒定出力情况下无功优化 22

4.3包含DG输出优化的无功优化 24

第五章 结论与展望 27

致谢 28

参考文献 29

第一章 绪论

1.1研究背景

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