矩阵变换器的空间矢量调制算法仿真分析

 2022-05-28 10:05

论文总字数:28822字

摘 要

矩阵变换器是交流-交流变换器,这种电力变换器可以实现交流输入向交流输出的直接转换,并且矩阵变换器的交流对交流的直接转换使得其没有中间直流环节。其中,开关电路中的各个开关为双向开关,因此可以实现能量的双向流通。在调制过程中可以通过改变开关的占空比和顺序实现输出电压幅值频率的直接改变,调节范围较大[2]

由于许多矩阵变换器用于三相交流电机的驱动上,往往直接由电网通过矩阵变换器直接驱动三相交流电机,于是在本次仿真研究中选择建立比较常见的三相输入到三相输出的矩阵变换器,通过观察矩阵变换器的电路结构和开关的连接方式,熟悉其如何实现交流输入到交流输出的直接转换而不需要中间直流环节。目前矩阵变换器的调制方法已经有了飞速的发展,其种类很多,而且一些调制策略业发展的非常成熟,各个调制方法都具有自己的特有性质,在这些调制方法中,间接空间矢量调制法是所有调制策略中发展完整,可用于工业生产的调制策略。间接空间矢量控制策略是通过将实际的一个矩阵变换器电路拆解等效为两个部分,一个部分与输入端相连,起到整流器的功能,一个部分与输出端相连,起到逆变器的功能。在实际应用中,逆变器和整流器的使用一般利用PWM调制策略,在这里同样的使用PWM调制策略对这两个部分分别独立的进行调制计算,之后将两个调制过程结合,同矩阵变换器的实际开关结构相结合,即可以实现矩阵变换器的交流-交流直接变换[3]。在本文中将利用双空间矢量调制策略,先建立矩阵变换器的数学模型,然后分别对虚拟整流器和虚拟逆变器环节进行调制计算,并且按照之前观察的矩阵变换器的开关结构,将两个部分的调制结果合成,并映射到实际的矩阵变换器的开关电路上去,就可得到实际的调制结果。

在本仿真实验中,建立了矩阵变换器的仿真模型,并根据双空间矢量调制策略构建了SVPWM开关信号模块。根据输出线电压的波形可知输出波形满足调制期望波形,并且保持正弦形态。而且输入相电流为正弦波,且谐波含量非常少。符合了绿色变换器的要求。

关键词:矩阵变换器,双空间矢量,交流-交流,虚拟整流,虚拟逆变

Abstract

The matrix converter is an AC-AC converter that can directly convert the AC input to the AC output, and the direct conversion of the AC to AC of the matrix converter eliminates the intermediate DC link. Among them, each switch in the switch circuit is a bidirectional switch, so that bidirectional circulation of energy can be achieved. In the modulation process, the direct change of the output voltage amplitude frequency can be realized by changing the duty cycle and the sequence of the switch, and the adjustment range is large.

Since many matrix converters are used for the driving of three-phase AC motors, the three-phase AC motors are directly driven directly by the grid through the matrix converter. Therefore, in this simulation study, a matrix of three-phase input to three-phase output is selected. The converter, by observing the circuit structure of the matrix converter and the connection mode of the switch, is familiar with how to realize the direct conversion of the AC input to the AC output without the need for an intermediate DC link. At present, the modulation methods of matrix converters have developed rapidly, and there are many types, and some modulation strategies are very mature. Each modulation method has its own unique properties. Among these modulation methods, the indirect space vector modulation method is A complete development strategy for all production strategies that can be used in industrial production. The indirect space vector control strategy is equivalent to two parts by disassembling the actual matrix converter circuit. One part is connected to the input end and functions as a rectifier. One part is connected to the output end and functions as an inverter. Features. In practical applications, the use of inverters and rectifiers generally utilizes a PWM modulation strategy. Here again, the PWM modulation strategy is used to separately calculate the modulation of the two parts, and then combine the two modulation processes and transform the same matrix. The combination of the actual switching structure of the device enables the direct conversion of the AC-AC of the matrix converter. In this paper, we will use the dual space vector modulation strategy to first establish the mathematical model of the matrix converter, and then separately modulate the virtual rectifier and the virtual inverter, and according to the switching structure of the previously observed matrix converter, Part of the modulation results are combined and mapped to the actual matrix converter switching circuit to obtain the actual modulation results.

In this simulation experiment, the simulation model of the matrix converter is established, and the SVPWM switching signal module is constructed according to the dual space vector modulation strategy. According to the waveform of the output line voltage, the output waveform satisfies the modulation desired waveform and maintains a sinusoidal shape. Moreover, the input phase current is sinusoidal and the harmonic content is very small. Meet the requirements of the green converter.

Keywords: matrix converter,double space vector,AC-AC,virtual rectification,virtual inverter

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1引言 1

1.2 矩阵变换器的发展需求 2

1.3矩阵变换器目前的发展状况 3

1.4矩阵变换器调制策略的发展 4

第二章 矩阵变换器的数学模型及其调制策略 6

2.1矩阵变换器的数学模型 6

2.2矩阵变换器的双空间矢量控制 7

2.2.1输出线电压空间矢量调制 10

2.2.2输入相电流空间矢量调制 13

2.2.3双空间矢量合成 16

2.2.4开关状态的选择 16

2.2.5占空比计算 16

2.3输入端滤波器的设计 18

2.3.1滤波器设计原则 18

2.3.2滤波器参数的计算 19

第三章 模型仿真 20

3.1开关电路 20

3.2输入滤波器 21

3.3 SVPWM模块 21

3.4参数设计 23

第四章 输出波形分析 24

总结与展望 28

参考文献 29

附录 31

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