高压脉冲电源的仿真与设计研究

论文总字数：23051字

摘 要

静电除尘是一种有效脱除工业废气中固体尘粒的技术方法，针对我国日益严峻的大气污染形势且国内燃煤电厂、水泥、冶金等行业使用的除尘设备以电除尘器为主的这一现状，高压电源与电控设备作为电除尘的重要组成部分，在实现烟尘超低排放中显得尤为重要。理论和实践表明：电除尘器采用脉冲供电可以突破直流闪络电压的限制和提高峰值电场强度，能更好的抑制恶劣工况下的反电晕和火花放电现象，减少二次扬尘，大幅提高收尘效率。此外，脉冲电源系统组成和控制方式灵活，便于对传统的电源进行改造，是现阶段电除尘器末级电场的理想供电电源。在此背景下，本文对变压器升压式脉冲发生电路进行研究。

本文首先介绍了中频基础直流叠加百微秒级高压脉冲的主电路拓扑，详细分析其工作原理和数学模型；针对闪络状态的电路过程进行了理论推导，对IGBT器件的闪络过电流问题进行研究，完成主电路元器件参数的设计与选型。然后介绍了一种基于DSP和CPLD 协同控制的控制系统，对其各组成模块的功能进行了简单的分析总结。最后在MATLAB的Simulink软件中进行建模与仿真，验证设计的正确性。

关键词：电除尘器，脉冲电源，闪络，IGBT开关

Abstract

Electrostatic dust removal is a technical method to effectively remove solid dust particles from industrial waste gas. In view of the increasingly severe atmospheric pollution situation in China, dust removal equipment used in domestic coal-fired power plants, cement plants, and metallurgical plants is mainly based on electrostatic precipitators. As a basic component of the electrostatic precipitator, high-voltage power supply and control system are particularly important in achieving ultra-low emissions. The theory and practice show that the use of pulse power supply in the electrostatic precipitator can break the limitation of the DC flashover voltage and increase the peak electric field intensity. It can better suppress the back corona and spark phenomenon under adverse conditions. As a result, dust collection efficiency is greatly improved. In addition, the pulsed power supply system has a flexible composition and control method which facilitates the transformation of the traditional power supply, and it is the ideal power supply for the final electric field of the electrostatic precipitator. Based on this background, this paper studies the pulse generating circuit with pulse transformer.

Firstly, this paper introduces the main circuit topology of mid-frequency DC superimposed hundred microsecond high-voltage pulse, and its working principle and mathematical model is analyzed in detail. With the theoretical deduction and simulation analysis of the circuit process during flashover, Transient overcurrent problem is studied to complete the selection of main circuit component parameters. Then, a control scheme based on DSP and CPLD coordinative controller is proposed, and the function of each component module is simply analyzed and summarized. Finally, modeling and simulation are carried out in MATLAB Simulink software to verify the correctness of the design.

Keywords: Electrostatic precipitator, Pulse power supply, flashover, IGBT switch

目 录

摘要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 课题研究背景 1

1.2 电除尘器电源的发展 2

1.2.1 工频高压电源 2

1.2.2 高频高压电源 3

1.2.3 直流供电中的反电晕现象 3

1.2.4 脉冲高压电源 3

1.2.5 脉冲高压电源装置 4

1.3 脉冲供电的除尘效率 5

1.4 脉冲参数对除尘效率的影响 5

1.5 国内外应用发展 6

1.6 电源设计指标 7

1.7 本文主要工作 7

第二章 脉冲电源主电路设计 8

2.1 脉冲电路工作原理 8

2.2 谐振回路原理分析与参数设计 10

2.2.1 脉冲变压器一次侧电路 10

2.2.2 谐振电路参数设计 12

2.2.3 闪络时的运行状态分析 13

2.3 高压基础直流电源 15

2.4 主电路拓扑结构 16

2.5 其他元件的参数选择 17

2.5.1 直流母线滤波电容 17

2.5.2 吸收保护电路 18

2.5.3 脉冲供电电源直流电抗器 20

2.6 本章小结 20

第三章 仿真结果 21

3.1 仿真模型与结果 21

3.2 本章小结 22

第四章 总结与展望 23

参考文献 24

致 谢 26

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