冰箱散热舱流场分析与盖板风道设计

论文总字数：32804字

摘 要

本文针对EVO16风冷冰箱的散热舱室的噪声与散热的问题，对企业所提供的实际冰箱风冷冰箱以及三维模型进行了研究。本文的研究采用声强测试对冰箱进行了噪声源识别测试、确定冰箱的主要噪声源以及结构声的分布与特征。噪声主要集中在中心频率为200Hz-400Hz的频率区间，其中低频噪声主要是气动噪声，而高频噪声则以压缩机的机械噪声为主，而且冰箱背面和冷藏室壁面辐射出较强的结构声。以上测试分析可为风冷冰箱优化设计提供方向。

本课题借助Hypermesh和Fluent等软件工具，分析风冷冰箱的流场特性与温度场分布。分析发现原有结构的盖板开孔不合理，会导致出现高速射流的出风口。原始结构湍动能较大，导致流场气动噪声辐射明显，原有结构散热效果与实际情况基本一致，通过流场仿真分析，获得了原始设计的不足之处。

作者针对散热舱室盖板进行了创新性的设计，将原有的单层盖板设计为双层盖板，改善了散热舱室的流场特性，弥补了原有设计的不足之处，将起到良好的工作效果。本文同时还针对冷凝器附近区域的回流现象设计的导流板，增强了冷凝器的散热效果，改善了舱室内的流场特性。同时本文还对新的舱室结构与原始舱室结构进行了流场分析与气动噪声仿真模拟，结果表明采用新结构后噪声明显降低，新设计的结构各项性能良好。优化效果显著。

关键词：流场分析，噪声测试，气动噪声，冰箱散热舱室，风道设计

Abstract

Based on the noise and heat dissipation problems of the EVO16 air-cooled refrigerator's cooling chamber, the authors studied the actual refrigerator air-cooled refrigerators and three-dimensional models provided by the company. The research of this topic uses the sound intensity test to identify the noise source of the refrigerator, determine the main noise source of the refrigerator and the distribution and characteristics of the structure sound. The noise is mainly concentrated in the frequency range of 200Hz-400Hz. The low-frequency noise is dominated by aerodynamic noise, while the high-frequency noise is dominated by the working noise of the compressor. The structural noise is radiated from the back of the refrigerator and the wall of the refrigerator compartment. . The above test analysis can provide direction for the optimal design of air-cooled refrigerators.

This project uses the software tools Hypermesh and Fluent to analyze the flow field characteristics and temperature distribution of air-cooled refrigerators. The analysis found that the original structure of the cover opening is unreasonable, will lead to high-speed jet outlet. The turbulent energy of the original structure is large, which results in obvious aerodynamic noise radiation of the flow field. The heat dissipation effect of the original structure is basically the same as the actual situation. Through the simulation analysis of the flow field, the original design inadequacies are obtained.

The author carried out an innovative design for the heat-dissipating cabin cover, designed the original single-layer cover as a double cover plate, improved the flow field characteristics of the heat-dissipating cabin, and made up for the deficiencies of the original design. Good work effect. At the same time, the deflector designed for the reflux around the condenser has enhanced the cooling effect of the condenser and improved the flow field characteristics in the chamber. At the same time, the flow field analysis and aerodynamic noise simulation of the new cabin structure and original cabin structure are also carried out. The results show that the noise is significantly reduced after the new structure is adopted, and the newly designed structure has better performance. The result of optimization is significant.

KEY WORDS：Flow field analysis, noise test, aerodynamic noise, refrigerator cooling compartment, airduct design

目录

摘要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1研究背景与意义 1

1.2国内外研究现状 1

1.2.1气动声学的发展与研究应用 1

1.2.2流场分析与风道优化 3

1.3本文主要研究工作 5

第二章 冰箱噪声源识别测试 7

2.1声强测试基本原理 7

2.2测试设备及方案 8

2.2.1声强测试装置与测试对象 8

2.2.2声强测试方案设计 8

2.3声强测试结果与分析 9

第三章 冰箱散热舱室流场特性分析 16

3.1压缩机散热舱室结构与特点 16

3.2计算流体力学仿真方法 17

3.3散热舱室模型简化与仿真前处理 19

3.4散热舱室流场特性分析 22

3.4.1散热舱室流场分析 22

3.4.2散热舱室温度场分布 26

第四章 盖板风道设计与气动噪声模拟 28

4.1散热舱盖板设计 28

4.1.1盖板设计思路 28

4.1.2盖板设计方案 28

4.2散热舱室入风口导流板设计 30

4.3新结构下散热舱流场分析 32

4.4散热舱气动噪声仿真对比 36

第五章 结论与展望 40

5.1总结 40

5.2展望 40

致谢 42

参考文献 43

第一章 绪论

1.1研究背景与意义

我国的经济快速发展，现在已经进入了全面发展奋斗的新时代。得益于我国经济的快速增长，电冰箱、空调等家用电器越来越多地出现在了民众的家庭中，尤其是对于电冰箱而言，在过去十年中，家用电冰箱的行业产量实现巨幅增长。电冰箱的总体产量在2005-2015年之间增加近两倍；在政府的惠民措施，环保措施等政策的推动下，我国总体家用电冰箱的产量早已突破五千万台，并在近六年保持明显增长势头。随着时代的发展，人们日常生活已经无法离开冰箱，同时冰箱也带来了环境的问题：冰箱的冷却介质造成污染而破坏臭氧层，使温室效应加重，冰箱能耗过大，废弃冰箱处置不当带来的环境污染、资源浪费等，这些问题亟需解决。同时，由于人们对于家用电器使用的舒适化，智能化要求不断提高。这就导致冰箱应进行一系列的改进与优化，以适应新时代市场的需求，实现家电行业创新驱动的转型升级。

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