老化进程中沥青胶结料的流变特性演化行为研究

 2022-04-24 11:04

论文总字数:30422字

摘 要

老化会极大地影响沥青的性质,而不同沥青会对老化产生不同的响应。为了研究老化过程中不同沥青流变性质的变化,本文选用70#基质沥青、SBS改性沥青和高胶沥青三种样本,进行了Brookfield粘度试验、多重应力蠕变恢复(MSCR)实验、线性振幅扫描(LAS)实验和弯曲梁流变仪(BBR)实验。由MSCR实验发现沥青不可恢复蠕变柔量与老化程度呈正相关,而弹性恢复率与老化呈负相关。由LAS实验发现老化对沥青疲劳寿命的影响较为复杂,低应变情况下甚至会提升疲劳寿命。由BBR实验发现,当老化程度加深时,沥青的劲度模量随之上升,蠕变速率逐渐下降,低温等级温度逐渐上升。为了探究沥青流变学指标与常规性能指标的联系,测定了三种沥青样本的针入度、延度和软化点。对沥青常规指标和流变指标进行相关性分析。结果显示Jnr与软化点、低温临界温度(TL,C)与延度存在着一定程度的相关性。此外还发现,低温临界温度与延度的相关性很可能会受到改性剂含量的影响。对沥青部分指标的老化敏感性进行了分析,发现高温条件下老化敏感性顺序为Jnrgt;Rgt;软化点,低温条件下老化敏感性顺序为延度gt;sgt;m。总之,老化会对流变性能产生一定影响,流变指标与常规指标可能存在某种联系,但需要进一步探讨。

关键词:沥青老化,流变实验,相关性分析,敏感性分析

Abstract

Aging will significantly influences the properties of asphalt binder ,and different kinds of asphalt binder behaves considerably differently when suffering from aging. This paper picks 70# asphalt, SBS modified asphalt and high viscosity asphalt as the specimens ,which are used to research on the changes of rheological properties of different kinds of asphalt binder during aging process .Four experiments , containing Brookfield rotating viscosity tests , multiple stress creep recovery(MSCR) tests , linear amplitude sweep(LAS) tests and bending beam rheometer (BBR) tests are applied in this paper. From MSCR tests, we can learn that non-recoverable compliance (Jnr) has positive correlation with the degree of aging, while the tendency of elastic recovery rate(R) is just to the opposite. LAS tests tells us that aging will impose complicated impacts on the fatigue life of asphalt, aging may even prolongs the fatigue life of asphalt when stress are applied to a relative low level. It can be concluded from BBR tests that the stiffness modulus of asphalt(s) rises with the degree of aging increases, while the rate of creep(m) decreases .In addition ,the Cryogenic grade temperature(TL,C) rises as well. With the aim of exploring the connection between routine indexes and rheometer indexes, the penetration ,ductility ,and softening point of asphalt are also measured. Correlation analysis is conducted between routine indexes and rheometer indexes ,and results shows that there may be some correlation between Jnr and softening point , as well as between TL,C and ductility. What’s more, we found that the correlation between TL,C and ductility is likely to be influenced by the content of modifier. The aging sensibility of various indexes of asphalt are also analyzed, and we found that the order of aging sensibility is Jnrgt;Rgt;softening point when the temperature is relatively high .When conditions turns to low temperature, the order of aging sensibility is ductilitygt;sgt;m. Above all ,aging does influence rheometer properties of asphalt ,and there may be some correlation between routine indexes and rheometer indexes ,however , further research is necessary for coming to an accurate conclusion.

KEY WORDS: asphalt aging, rheometer experiments, correlation analysis, sensibility analysis.

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1研究背景及意义 1

1.2国内外研究现状 2

1.2.1沥青老化 2

1.2.2沥青老化方法 3

1.2.3沥青流变性能 3

1.3研究内容及技术路线 4

第二章 原材料与实验方法 7

2.1原材料 7

2.2实验设备 7

2.3 实验方法 10

2.3.1多重应力蠕变恢复试验(MSCR) 10

2.3.2线性振幅扫描实验(LAS) 11

2.3.3弯曲梁流变仪实验(BBR) 12

2.4 Brookfield实验 13

2.5 本章小结 14

第三章 常规性能试验 15

3.1 试验结果 15

3.2 试验数据分析 15

3.3 本章小结 18

第四章 沥青流变性能试验 19

4.1 MSCR试验结果及分析 19

4.2 Brookfield实验结果及分析 23

4.3 LAS试验结果及分析 25

4.4 BBR试验结果及分析 32

4.5 本章小结 39

第五章 常规试验与流变学试验的相关性分析及各项指标对老化的敏感性分析 40

5.1 相关性分析 40

5.2 老化敏感性分析 44

5.3 本章小结 48

第六章 结论与展望 49

6.1 主要结论 49

6.2 建议与展望 49

致 谢 51

参考文献 52

第一章 绪论

1.1研究背景及意义

沥青作为一种极为复杂的有机混合物,暴露在外界环境中会发生老化,沥青变硬变脆,致使沥青路面出现剥落、麻面等各种病害,导致行车舒适度降低,路面的使用寿命下降,严重时甚至会危及行车安全。沥青的老化可以分为短期老化和长期老化两个阶段。在沥青混凝土拌和、生产和摊铺过程中发生的老化被称为短期老化,在路面铺筑完成后,在道路服务年限内发生的老化称为长期老化。沥青路面具有行车平稳舒适、养护维修方便、材料来源广泛等优点,自1838年出现第一条现代意义上的沥青铺装公路以来,沥青路面在世界范围内得到了广泛应用。而在我国,沥青被广泛用作高等级公路的铺装材料,在已经建成的高速公路及一、二级公路中,沥青路面的使用率超过90%。可以预见,沥青老化将成为未来道路养护和维修的一个关键问题,而我国地域辽阔,自然条件差异较大,面临的沥青老化问题更为复杂多变。因此,对沥青的老化进行研究,分析老化过程中沥青流变特性的变化,为提高沥青的抗老化性能及进行针对性的路面预防养护,是十分必要的。

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