灵芝红枣多糖体外抗氧化活性测定

 2023-08-28 09:08

论文总字数:13581字

摘 要

灵芝多糖和红枣多糖有强抗氧化能力,通过发酵也提取了灵芝发酵红枣产生的多糖,目前,对这三种多糖的抗氧化能力比较研究较少。因此,本论文拟通过测定透析前后三种多糖体外抗氧化活性,比较分析各自特性和多糖作用,为进一步红枣加工提供理论依据。首先,采用水杨酸法和DPPH氧化法测定灵芝多糖、红枣多糖和灵芝红枣多糖对·OH和DPPH·的清除能力,发现红枣多糖清除羟基自由基的能力最差,红枣多糖清除DPPH·能力最强;然后,用透析袋透析法分离各分子量多糖并测定各部分含量,发现灵芝多糖、 红枣多糖、灵芝红枣多糖中分子量小于5k(Da)的多糖含量最多,分别为1.0797g/L、1.0761g/L、0.9662g/L,灵芝发酵红枣产生了新多糖组分(分子量为2W~10W);最后,同种方法测定透析后多糖对·OH和DPPH·的清除能力,发现红枣多糖中多糖组分(分子量在10K~2W(Da))对DPPH·有较强的清除能力。

关键词: 红枣,灵芝,多糖,抗氧化活性,透析

Abstract:At present, little research has been done on the changes and characteristics of antioxidant activities in vitro of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides, jujube polysaccharides and Ganoderma lucidum jujube polysaccharides. Therefore, this paper intends to compare and analyze the antioxidant activity characteristics and advantages of three polysaccharides (Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides, jujube polysaccharides and jujube polysaccharides) before and after dialysis, so as to provide theoretical basis for further processing. First, salicylic acid method and DPPH oxidation method were used to determine the scavenging capacity of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide, jujube polysaccharide and Ganoderma lucidum jujube polysaccharide to OH and DPPH. It was found that the scavenging rates of three polysaccharides to OH were Ganoderma lucidum jujube polysaccharide (46.626%), Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide (42.797%), jujube polysaccharide (19.626%) respectively. The scavenging rates of DPPH were (8.185%) and Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (0.805%) were separated by dialysis method and the content of each part was determined. It was found that the most polysaccharides in Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides, jujube polysaccharides and Ganoderma jujube polysaccharides whose molecular weight was less than 5K (Da) were 1.0797g/L, 1.0761g/L and 0.9662g/L, respectively. A new polysaccharide component (molecular weight was 2W-10W) was produced in Ganoderma fermented jujube. METHODS The scavenging capacity of polysaccharides on OH and DPPH after dialysis was determined. It was found that the polysaccharide components (molecular weight 10 K~2 W (Da)) in jujube polysaccharides had strong scavenging capacity on DPPH after dialysis.

Keywords:Jujube, Ganoderma lucidum, polysaccharide, antioxidant activity, dialysis

目 录

1. 前言 6

1.1 红枣研究进展 6

1.2 灵芝研究进展 6

1.3 研究思路 7

2. 材料与方法 8

2.1 材料 8

2.1.1 原料 8

2.1.2 试剂 8

2.1.3溶液配制 8

2.1.4仪器设备 9

2.2方法 9

2.2.1多糖浓度测定方法 9

2.2.2透析方法 11

2.2.3多糖体外抗氧化活性测定 11

3. 结果与分析 13

3.1多糖体外抗氧化活性测定 13

3.1.1羟基自由基清除率 13

3.1.2 DPPH自由基清除率 14

3.1.2 小结 14

3.2三种多糖透析含量测定 15

3.2.1数据分析 15

3.2.2小结 16

3.3透析后抗氧化活性测定 16

3.3.1·OH清除率 16

3.3.2 DPPH·清除率 17

3.3.3小结 18

4. 结论与展望 19

4.1结论 19

4.2 展望 19

5. 致 谢 20

6. 参考文献 21

1. 前言

1.1 红枣研究进展

红枣,鼠李科植物干果,又名大枣、干枣、华枣[1]。红枣含有大量的化学成分,其中包括多种维生素成分,维生素P含量甚至超过柠檬十倍以上,因此被赞誉为“天然维生素丸”。除此以外,红枣多糖又具有护肤,防衰老,抗癌,预防心血管疾病,保护肝脏等功效。我国《诗经》、《本经》和《神农本草经》中详细介绍了红枣的特点与药性,将红枣奉为药食兼用的上等滋补品[2]。因此,以红枣作为原料的保健食品与饮品(如红枣汁、枣泥、枣酱、蜜枣等)我国逐渐受到追捧。长久以来,我国一直是红枣生产大国,大多地区都栽种着红枣,栽种历史甚至可追溯到3000多年前,种植面积与产量在全球更是位列世界第一,但对于红枣的加工方式大多还只是简单的清洗、去核、榨汁等处理,大多数红枣保健食品也是选择优质红枣作为原材料,这导致许多“次等枣”(如裂枣、色差枣、小型枣等)只能低价售出,甚至最终无法售出,但这些红枣其实还有较多的营养成分。因此,研究出一种高营养低成本的红枣加工方法,对红枣产品的进一步开发有着重要意义[4-7]

近数十年里,研究人员对红枣的研究大多是在红枣提取工艺的优化和生产销售方面,包括红枣多糖提取方法、红枣种植与贮存技术、红枣营销现状等方面。但对于如何深加工处理红枣、红枣体外抗氧化活性测定等研究较少,因此,对红枣的深加工意义重大。

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