双层黑磷材料的研究

 2022-01-30 07:01

论文总字数:25389字

摘 要

由于优异的电学以及光学特性,二维材料的研究在最近成为物理以及材料领域的重要方向。层状黑磷作为二维材料中的佼佼者,有着石墨烯以及二硫化钼这两种优秀的二维材料也不具有的优点。黑磷具有石墨烯没有的本征带隙,具有比二硫化钼更高的载流子迁移率和可调节带隙。然而,目前对于黑磷的研究还在起步阶段。因此,层状黑磷的研究就显得尤为重要了。

在本文中,我们用第一性原理VASP计算的方法,研究了双层黑磷的不同堆垛结构,得出了一系列结论。研究发现,双层黑磷除了具有一个众所周知的稳态点外,还具有一个亚稳态点,文中我们找出了亚稳态点的位置。我们还计算了双层黑磷不同堆垛结构的能带数据,并作出了三维图。发现对于不同的堆垛结构,体系的带隙从0.7eV变化到1.3eV,变化范围比较大,说明双层黑磷烯的堆垛方式对体系的带隙影响非常大。由层状黑磷和二硫化钼垂直堆积而形成的范德瓦尔斯外延异质结(bP/MoS2异质结),会形成II型能带结构,可以应用于太阳能电池。其中,范德瓦尔斯力外延是一种不需要晶格匹配的外延方法。我们研究了不同堆垛结构下太阳能电池的外量子转换效率,发现η的最大值能达到22.29%,已经超过了其他文献所报道的18%。

关键词:黑磷,第一性原理,堆垛结构,能带

A STUDY OF THE BILAYER BLACK PHOSPHORUS MATERIAL

Abstract

Due to its excellent electrical and optical properties,the study of two-dimensional material has recently become an important direction of physics and material field. As the leader in the two-dimensional material, layered black phosphorus has the advantages that neither graphene nor molybdenum disulfide does. Black phosphorus has intrinsic band gap that graphene doesn't, and higher carrier mobility and adjustable band gap than MoS2. However, the study of black phosphorus is still infancy. Therefore, the study of layered black phosphorus is particularly important.

In this paper, we use first principles VASP calculations to study the different stacking structures of bilayer black phosphorus, and draw a number of conclusions. The study found that besides a well-known point of the steady-state,the bilayer black phosphorus also has a metastable point. We have identified the location of metastable point in this paper. We also calculated band data of the bilayer black phosphorus' different stacking structures and make three-dimensional charts. We found that for different stacking structures, the band gap of the system changes from 0.7eV to 1.3eV, and the larger range indicating that the stacking way of bilayer black phosphorus has very large impact on the system. Van der Waals epitaxial heterostructures (bP/MoS2 heterojunction) formed by layered black phosphorus and molybdenum disulfide vertically stacked, has a type II band structrues, which could be applied to solar cells. And vdW epitaxy is a crystalline growth method with no requirement to satisfy lattice-matching condition. We study the external quantum efficiency under different stacking structures of the solar cell, find the maximum value of η can reach 22.29%, which is more than 18% reported in other literatures.

KEY WORDS: bilayer black phosphorus, first principles, stacking structure, energy band

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪 论 1

1.1引言 1

1.2二维晶体材料 1

1.2.1二维晶体材料发展背景 1

1.2.2二维晶体材料介绍 1

1.3二维黑磷相关介绍 2

1.3.1 磷的各种同素异形体 2

1.3.2 黑磷材料的运用 3

1.4 论文的主要工作 3

第二章 第一性原理能带方法 4

2.1能带近似 4

2.2 密度泛函理论 4

2.2.1 霍恩贝格-科恩定理 4

2.2.2科恩-沈方程 4

2.3 正交平面波和赝势理论 5

2.3.1正交平面波理论 5

2.3.2 赝势理论 6

2.4 交换关联能 8

2.5 VASP软件简介 8

第三章 双层黑磷不同堆垛结构的研究 10

3.1 前期研究进展 10

3.2 黑磷不同堆垛下的能带结构 13

3.2.1 建模与计算 13

3.3 双层黑磷不同堆垛结构的太阳能转化效率 16

3.3.1黑磷/二硫化钼异质结 16

3.3.2太阳能转化效率的计算 17

第四章 总 结 20

致 谢 21

参考文献(References) 22

第一章 绪 论

1.1引言

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