基于单片机的智能浇花和光照设计

论文总字数：16055字

目 录

1. 绪论·························4
2. 选题的目的······················4
3. 单片机相关知识····················5

3.1 单片机发展史···························5

3.2 STC89C52单片机介绍························5

3.3单片机的特点····························5

3.4 主要特性·····························6

3.5 STC89C52引脚图··························7

1. 系统硬件的具体设计与实现···············7

4.1 本设计所用主要元件介绍·······················7

4.1.1ADC0832芯片及其特点·····················7

4.1.2单片机对ADC0832 的控制原理·················8

4.1.3 YL-69土壤湿度传感器·····················8

4.1.4 1602LCD的各引脚作用及字符显示地址说明如图（a） ·······9

4.1.5 5V小水泵特点························9

4.1.6 LED灯···························9

4.2设计原理······························9

4.2.1基于单片机的智能浇花与光照设计硬件设计图···········9

4.2.2原理图···························10

4.2.3单片机最小系统图·······················12

4.2.4电源部分晶振电路·······················12

4.2.5液晶显示电路························12

4.2.6水泵、LED电路························13

4.2.7按键电路··························13

4.2传感器原理图····························14

4.3 PWM·································14

4.3.1 PWM的介绍··························15

4.4 液晶显示流程图及各项意义······················15

4.4.1 仿真图····························15

4.4.2 关于显示···························16

4.4.3如何设置土壤湿度·······················18

1. 程序设计思路·······················19
2. 总结··························20
3. 参考资料························21

致谢····························22

附录一·····································22

附录二·····································24

附录三·····································25

基于单片机的智能浇花与光照设计

樊佳宇

，China

Abstract：Time flies, the means of production have been constantly enriched. People have turned from the initial pursuit of adequate food and clothing to a higher life pursuit.many people choose to grow flowers 。Flowers can carry out photosynthesis and purify the air。In addition, the cultivation of flowers can edify sentiment.This project designs a intelligent system which can.water flowers and lighting The system ’ control core is the 51 single chip microcomputer . through the detection of soil moisture and light intensity, to control the water pump irrigation, to ensure that the soil moisture in the most suitable state。This design through the humidity sensor to detect soil moisture, once less than the requirements of water, once the requirements, immediately stop watering, save water resources. And by changing the resistance of the photosensitive resistor, a signal is sent through the 51 single-chip microcomputer to control the LED lamp, adjust the brightness of the lamp, and ensure the flowers to have better photosynthesis, the design can also be used for greenhouse cultivation, so that crops can grow normally in bad weather, especially in continuous rainy days or dry days.

Key words：Single chip microcomputer; intelligent watering flowers and lighting system;sensor

1. 绪论

科学发展日新月异，在此期间，人类跨越了气时代、电子时代和电脑时代这三个时代。我们从无到有，拥有了属于自己的计算机。但还有另一种计算机，这种计算机就是可以将各种人类机械智能化，提高它们的各项功能，为此我们称它为单片机。单片机的最小系统由一小块集成电路组成，就可以对机械实现智能化。它的体积非常小巧，可安装进各种机械中。在整个装置中，缺了它，智能化就是个笑话。现如今，单片机的技术不断升级，使它的使用范围不断扩大，涉及到各行各业，无论是高端的航天航空，还是低端的农业都有它的身影。现在的很多智能型产品就是在一般机械中加入了单片机系统，使产品功能进行了升级换代。

为此近年来，相关的单片机智能产品得到了快速发展，尤其是智能家电、智能家用设备。国外的智能家用技术飞速发展，大部分产品都得到了换代升级，市场竞争非常激烈，同时也带动了技术的又一次突破，且由于中国的市场特殊地位以及市场全球化，在市场压力下，中国本土智能家用设备也得到了飞速的升级进化，出现了许许多多的智能化产品。智能浇花产品也应人们的要求问世，为了满足人的需求，智能浇花产品的特点也多种多样，功能与控制原理也不断进行了改进升级。

国内外现有的智能浇花设备，大部分采用虹吸法，即我们常说的渗透原理，该过程持续不间断，只能保证不干旱，容易造成水资源浪费，没有根据所养的植物的成长需求来进行灌溉的。另外的智能浇花设备，只是在规定时间进行浇水，也是如此，不尽如人意。此外碰到连续阴雨天，无法保证植物所需光照。还有一种花卉报警器， 但只能报警，不能进行自动灌溉，保证植物存活，一旦碰到人们出差，就没什么用了。

1. 选题的目的

时光飞逝，科技水平日新月异，人们对生活有了更多的追求。养殖花卉既能净化空气，又能陶冶情操，所以许多人会选择在家养殖盆栽。但是现代快节奏的生活导致人们非常繁忙，经常出差、值班等。对于自己养的盆栽植物，缺少照料，很多盆栽的生长条件有着严格限制，非常容易死亡，其中不能按时浇水是盆栽死亡的主因，此外植物要进行光合作用，适量的光照可以保证植物更好生长。

为了防止遗忘，很多人选择用记事本等。但治标不治本，还是很容易遗忘。市面上的很多浇花设备价格昂贵并且有些功能对普通人家不适用。为此，我的毕业设计（智能浇花与光照设计）采用单片机系统，价格便宜，操作也简单。对于一些生长要求苛刻的植物，也能进行自主调节，设定浇水的时机，并且保证适量的光照，使植物不会再连续阴雨天，因缺少光照死亡。并且该设计还适用于大棚种植等。

1. 单片机的相关知识

3.1 单片机的发展史

单片机从诞生到现在，分别经历了为单片微型计算机阶段、微控制器阶段、单片机是嵌入式系统的独立发展之路阶段三个。

剩余内容已隐藏，请支付后下载全文，论文总字数：16055字

相关图片展示：