基于STC89C52单片机的多要素气象检测系统

论文总字数：19815字

目 录

摘要

第一章 绪论...............................................1

1.1 研究的目的及意义......................................................1

1.2 国内外研究现状........................................................1

1.3 内容结构安排..........................................................2

第二章 总体设计...........................................3

2.1需求分析..............................................................3

2.2总体设计..............................................................3

第三章 硬件系统电路分析...................................4

3.1基本硬件介绍..........................................................4

3.1.1 STC89C52单片机..................................................4

3.1.2 DHT11温湿度传感器...............................................4

3.1.3 YGC-FS风速传感器和YGC-FX风向传感器.............................5

3.1.4 A/D转换芯片.....................................................6

3.1.5 LCD12864液晶显示屏..............................................6

3.2总体电路..............................................................6

3.3主要模块设计..........................................................7

3.3.1 温湿度采集模块..................................................7

3.3.2 A/D转换模块.....................................................8

3.3.3 LCD显示模块....................................................10

3.3.4人机交互模块...................................................12

3.4 其他模块.............................................................13

第四章 软件分析及流程图..................................15

4.1主函数部分...........................................................15

4.2 DHT11温湿度函数部分.................................................16

4.3 A/D转换风速风向传感器部分...........................................17

4.4 LCD部分.............................................................18

第五章 实物测试及结论....................................19

5.1实物测试.............................................................19

5.2个人小结.............................................................21

参考文献.................................................23

致谢.....................................................24

基于STC89C52单片机的多要素气象检测系统

韩旭

.China

Abstract: The development and sustainable development of energy is closely related to the life of human society. the discovery and utilization of every new energy brings a qualitative leap to human economic development, so how to effectively monitor and utilize energy has great significance to our daily life. This design is based on the MSC - 51 series of STC microcontroller as the core and combined with the DHT temperature and humidity sensor, YGC - FS wind speed sensor, YGC - FX wind sensor and ADC 0832, complete a real-time monitoring of temperature and humidity, wind speed and wind direction system, the system has the function of data acquisition and processing. When measuring temperature and humidity, the digital signal collected by DHT temperature and humidity sensor is transmitted to MCU, which can be displayed on the liquid crystal board. When measuring the wind speed, the data collected by the pressure sensor is transferred to the STC MCU, and the measured wind speed value is displayed by LCD 12864 panel. When the wind direction is measured, the acquisition range of the signal is measured by 0 - 360 degree encoder. in the case of duo automatic zero, the data conversion of gray code is processed by single chip microcomputer, and the wind direction data is displayed in the digital liquid crystal board. The software part includes the main program, display subroutine, temperature and humidity measurement subroutine, wind speed and direction measurement subroutine. In order to facilitate the improvement and maintenance of the system, each part adopts module programming.

Key words: Design of STC single chip microcomputer; Dht temperature and humidity sensor; Ygc wind direction sensor; Ygc wind speed sensor; A / d converter.

第一章 绪论

1.1研究的目的及意义

最近几年来,全球气候有了极大的改变,各种恶劣的气象灾害也在扰乱着人们的生活,地球环境收到了广泛的影响,人们为了遏制气象环境的进一步恶化,需要对气象服务进行更深一步的发展和改善。为了更好地了解气候的变化，需要采集各种气象要素,获得准确的基本气象数据,然后依照这些气象数据对气象进行深入的研究和变化评估，以作出及时的应对。气象工作者的职责就是要保持时刻警惕，获得准确的第一手气象资料，提高防灾减灾的能力,以及时应对气候的变化。这些工作的中心思想是提高预测精度,最根本也是最重要的就是提高服务能力和气象灾害的防护整治能力。伴随着科学技术的不断发展和进步，人们为了应对气候的不断变化,运用最新的技术对国内的气象监测仪器进行了深入研究,开发新的服务能力，为人们生活水平的不断提高作出了不懈努力。

本次设计针对上述的要求和现有的技术基础,运用当前老练的微电子技术、领先优越的电子测量、数据传输方法以及系统控制技术,设计了一个地面多要素气象检测系统。目前主要的气象监测要素为:云密集度、能见度大小、空气压力强弱、温湿度大小、风速风向、大气降水的多少。拥有了大量准确的气象数据，我们就可以通过这些气象数据的检测报告可以促进气象自动监测仪器的实现。就实际情况而言本系统无法设计得很复杂，受限于我所学知识的影响，因此只对温湿度、风向风速进行研究，运用本次设计可以实时的监测小范围的气象数据，有效的预防了一些由气候改变造成的灾害。

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